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PSY2003 > Schizophrenia 2 > Flashcards

Schizophrenia 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what does CNV stand for and mean?

A

copy number variants (means a specific genetic factor)

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2
Q

how is there variation in the 16p11.2 gene causing schizophrenia?

A

either deletion or duplication. the 16th chromosome which has genes that are either deleted or duplicated or typical

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3
Q

a denovo mutation _____ chances of schizophrenia

A

increases

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4
Q

what are some of the physical brain changes in a schizophrenic patient?

A 
enlarged ventricles
smaller hippocampus
smaller cortex
temporal lobe degeneration
brain volume shrinkage
neurodegeneration
loss of brain matter
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5
Q

why doesn’t a brain scan show that anatomy is the cause?

A

anatomical change may be due to environmental factors such as stress, drugs…not necessarily the cause

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6
Q

severe loss of ____ _____ matter can be shown in adolescents from 12+ years

A

gray matter

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7
Q

what is the difference in eye movements between a normal person and a person with schizophrenia?

A

schizophrenia have jerky non smooth pursuit compared to normal smooth pursuit following stimulus

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8
Q

what cognitive tasks do schizophrenics suffer from due to jerky eye movements?

A

disorientation
reading tasks
executive planning tasks (card sorting task into colour, shape, number)

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9
Q

give an example of a cognitive defect?

A

orientating response is attenuated

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10
Q

give an example of a schizophrenic cognitive bias?

A

over report confrontational interactions

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11
Q

give examples of attentional biases in schizophrenia

A

over attend to negative stimuli
delusions
similar to anxiety

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12
Q

give an example of reasoning biases in schizophrenia

A

jumping to conclusions

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13
Q

give an example of interpretational biases in schizophrenia

A

hearing voices

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14
Q

what is the idea behind double blind and paradoxical communication?

A

contradicting messages - verbal message may contradict the implied message therefore both become invalid

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15
Q

what are the family aspects of schizophrenia?

A
  1. double blind and paradoxical communication
  2. communication deviance
  3. expressed emotion
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16
Q

critical, harsh emotions in families with schizophrenia, blaming patients for not controlling themselves, high score of this view symptoms as controllable = what family aspect?

A

expressed emotion

17
Q

low ____ is linked to schizophrenia

A

SES

18
Q

what is the sociogenic hypothesis?

A

low SES may experience more stressors and stress happens before psychotic episodes

19
Q

what is the social drift hypothesis?

A

those with schizophrenia have difficultly with employment and social life and drift to lower SES

20
Q

does Davey state that parental SES at the time of birth is or isn’t associated with increased schizophrenic risk in the child?

A

not associated

21
Q

what was Rosenhan (1973) experiment on schizophrenia?

A

ppts pretended to be schizophrenic and sent to psych wards

22
Q

what are the major cognitive theories of schizophrenia?

A

Seligman’s attributional model

theory of mind

23
Q

Seligman’s attributional model is attributions of negative events. what are the 3 dimensions to this model?

A

internal vs. external
global vs. specific
stable vs unstable

24
Q

if negative events are interpreted as _______, _______, ________ this could lead to depression

A

internal
global
stable

25
Q

what is the attribution style in psychosis that can lead to delusions?

A

EXTERNAL
global
stable

26
Q

why will schizophrenic patients have difficulties with ToM tests?

A

ToM is distorted and exaggerated

27
Q

what are the different ways to treat schizophrenia?

A 
social skills training
CBT reattribution therapy
personal therapy
cognitive remediation training
family interventions
28
Q

what are different family interventions for schizophrenia?

A

psychoeducation
supportive family management
applied family management
community care

PSY2003 (8 decks)

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