Schizophrenia

Question 1

What is Schizophrenia?

Answer 1

A severe mental disorder where contact with reality and insight are impaired
An example of psychosis.

Question 2

Define Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Answer 2

Atypical symptoms of Schizophrenia experienced in addition to normal experiences.
eg. hallucinations, delusions

Question 3

Define Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Answer 3

Atypical experiences that represent the loss of a usual experience such as a loss of clear thinking or motivation
eg. Avolition, speech poverty

Question 4

Define Hallucinations

Answer 4

A positive symptom of schizophrenia.

Sensory experiences that have either no basis in reality or are distorted.

Question 5

Define Delusions

Answer 5

A positive symptom of Schizophrenia.
They involve beliefs that have no basis in reality eg. believing they are someone else or they are the victim of a conspiracy.

Question 6

Define Speech Poverty

Answer 6

Negative symptom of schizophrenia.

Involves reduced frequency and quality of speech.

Question 7

Define Avolition

Answer 7

Negative symptom of Schizophrenia

Involves loss of motivation to carry out tasks and results in lowered activity levels.

Question 8

Define Co-morbidity

Answer 8

Occurrence of 2 disorders or conditions together for example schizophrenia and a personality disorder
When 2 disorders are frequently diagnosed together it calls into questions the validity of classifying the 2 separately

Question 9

Define Symptom Overlap

Answer 9

Occurs when 2 or more conditions share symptoms

Calls in to question the validity of classifying the two disorders separately

Question 10

Evaluation points of Diagnosis and Classification

Answer 10

Good reliability (Osorio et al. 2019)
Low validity (Cheniaux 2009)
Co-morbidity 
Gender Bias 
Culture Bias 
Symptom overlap

Question 11

Who did Family studies on Schizophrenia?

Conclusion?

Answer 11

Gottesman's 1991
2% chance if Aunt with SZ
9% chance if sibling with SZ
48% chance if identical twin with SZ
correlation represents genes and environments because

Question 12

Who did the study on Candidate genes?

Answer 12

Ripke et al. 2014
3700 SZ patients compared with 113000 controls
108 genetic variations were associated with increased risk of SZ

Question 13

SZ is polygenic and different studies have found different candidate genes so it is ____________ ___________

Answer 13

aetiologically heterogeneous

-different combinations of factors, including genetc variation can lead to the condition

Question 14

Evaluation points for genetic basis of schizophrenia

Answer 14

Research support

-Tienari and