Attachment

Question 1

Specification

Answer 1

Caregiver-infant interactions in humans: reciprocity and interactional synchrony. Stages of attachment identified by Schaffer. Multiple attachments and the role of the father.
Animal studies of attachment: Lorenz and Harlow.
Explanations of attachment: learning theory and Bowlby’s monotropic theory. The concepts of a critical period and an internal working model.
Ainsworth’s ‘Strange Situation’. Types of attachment: secure, insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant. Cultural variations in attachment, including van Ijzendoorn.
Bowlby’s theory of maternal deprivation. Romanian orphan studies: effects of institutionalisation.
The influence of early attachment on childhood and adult relationships, including the role of an internal working model

Question 2

Lorenz
Date:
Procedure:
Findings:

Answer 2

:1952
:randomnly divided a clutch of goose eggs, half were hatched with the mother goose, half hatched in an incubator so the first moving thing they saw was Lorenz
:Incubator group imprinted on Lorenz, followed him even when mixed with control group

Question 3

Lorenz’s Critical period

Answer 3

25 hours