Schemas & Cognitive Dev Flashcards
What is the Kindchenschema? (Konrad Lorenz)
Set of infantile physical features perceived as ‘cute’ that motivate care-taking behaviour
Less attractive infants are..
expected to have more “behaviours” at younger ages, until 4.5 years old
Baby schema attributes activate the nucleus accumbens.. which is..
The reward-processing and appetitive motivation
What are some baby schema hypotheses?
That parents view the younger child as a baby, or smaller than older child.
This illusion changes when another baby is born.
What is cognitive development?
The study of how knowledge is acquired
Piaget’s Constructionism is development caused by interaction of bio and enviro. How is cognition constructed?
It is active, internally generated mental processes that construct cognition.
Piaget’s Sensorimotor Period - when and what does it involve?
0-2 years old. Intelligence is practical and action based.
Piaget’s Concrete Operational Period - when and what does it involve?
2-11 years old. Intelligence is symbolic and imaginative.
Piaget’s Formal Operational Period - when and what does it involve?
11+ years old. Intelligence is logical and abstract.
Piaget believed his ‘Stages’ are…
Universal - all kids go through the same stages, and no stages can be skipped
The two ways that schemes form?
Adaptation and organisation
Piaget’s Sensorimotor Theory has 6 steps. What are these?
- Reflexes
- Primary Circular Reactions
- Secondary CR
- Coordinated Secondary CR
- Tertiary CR
- Symbolic Representation
At what Piaget Sensorimotor stage does an infant know when to uncover an object to retrieve it?
Step 4 - Coordinated Secondary CR.
At what Piaget Sensorimotor stage does an infant start to link action schemas together eg hand-eye coordination?
Step 3 - Secondary CR
At what Piaget Sensorimotor stage does an infant begin to actually perform with intent, and what age?
Stage 2 - Primary CR. After 6 weeks old.
What is an example of assimilation in schemas?
Calling a rabbit a “cat” - something old you’ve learnt, naming something new with similar features
What is an example of accomodation in schemas?
Learning “rabbit’ as a totally new category.
