Scalp, Skull and Cranial Cavity (Lab)

Question 1

Which layer of the scalp contains the superficial veins that will bleed profusely when the scalp is cut?
A.	Aponeurotic layer
B.	Connective tissue layer or hypodermis
C. Loose connective tissue layer
D.	Periosteum
E. Skin

Answer 1

B. Connective tissue layer or hypodermis

Question 2

The superficial veins of the scalp connect to the dural sinuses by means of the:

Answer 2

Emissary veins

Question 3

The diploic veins are located:

Answer 3

E. between the two bony layers of the skull.

Question 4

The superficial temporal artery is a terminal branch of the:

Answer 4

External carotid artery

Question 5

The auriculotemporal nerve supplying the temporal region of the head is a sensory branch of the:

Answer 5

mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve

Question 6

What skull bone, in addition to the zygomatic bone, forms the zygomatic arch?

Answer 6

Temporal bone

Question 7

The middle meningeal artery is a branch of the:

Answer 7

Maxillary artery

Question 8

Pathway of middle meningeal artery

Answer 8

Branch of Maxillary artery.
It enters the skull through the foramen spinosum and branches to supply the meninges and bone on the lateral side of the skull.

Question 9

The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity through the:

Answer 9

Foramen spinosum

Question 10

The archnoid granulations that extend into the dural sinuses are formed by the:

Answer 10

arachnoid layer of meninges

Question 11

Which layer of the dura is responsible for formation of the dural reflexions?

Answer 11

Meningeal layer

Question 12

The dural sinuses are located:

Answer 12

in or between the meningeal and the periosteal layers of the dura.

Question 13

Where are the cerebral veins located?

Answer 13

Pia membrane

Question 14

What vessel is usually ruptured in a patient that has a subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Answer 14

Cerebral artery

Question 15

What dural reflexion separates supratentorial structures from posterior fossa structures?

Answer 15

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 16

Which of the following structures passes through the foramen spinosum?
A. Accessory nerve
B. Auriculotemporal nerve
C. Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
D. Middle meningeal artery
E. Superficial temporal artery

Answer 16

D. Middle meningeal artery

Question 17

Layers of scalp

Answer 17

The scalp consists of five layers. Skin: consists of dermis and epidermis;
Connective tissue: vascular layer responsible for excessive bleeding with scalp wounds;
Aponeurotic layer: connects the frontalis and occipitalis muscles;
Loose connective tissue layer: allows scalp to move over the bones of the cranium
Pericranium (periosteum)

Question 18

Temporal muscle innervation

Answer 18

V3 (mandibular nerve)

Question 19

calvaria

Answer 19

skull cap

Question 20

epidural hematoma where and involving what vessel

Answer 20

Epidural hemorrhages involve rupture of a meningeal artery with blood forming a hematoma between the dura and the bone of the skull.

Question 21

subdural hematome where and involving what vessel

Answer 21

rupture of a cerebral vein, with blood accumulating in the subdural space, a potential space until tearing of a cerebral vein occurs. Note that the tearing occurs where the vein crosses the subarachnoid space and enters the dural sinus that is firmly attached to the skull.

Question 22

subarachnoid hemorrhage where and involving what vessel

Answer 22

involves a rupture of a cerebral artery with blood accumulating in the subarachnoid space.