scalp Flashcards
Layers
S- skin
C- connective tissue layer
A- aponeurosis of occipito-frontalis muscle
L- loose sub-aponeurotic layer
P- pericranium
Skin
thickest thin skin
many sweat glands
Connective tissue
thick
richly vascularised
Aponeurosis
flat tendon between occipital and frontalis muscle
(if cut in coronal, suture)
Loose subaponeurotic layer
DANGEROUS LAYER
emissary vein transmits & connected within skull
infection from scalp to CRANIAL VENOUS SINUSES
blunt trauma: hemorrhage, leak goes to eyes (raccoon eyes)
Pericranium
specialised connective tissues
attached to skull bones
Blood supply (artery)
supra trochlear
supra orbital
occipital
posterior auricular
superficial temporal
Nerve supply (front ear)
supra trochlear
supra orbital
zygomatico temporal
auricular temporal
temporal branch of facial nerve
Nerve supple (behind ear)
greater occipital
greater auricular
lesser occipital
3rd occipital
posterior auricular
Vein (from above)
superficial temporal
maxillary
anterior and posterior branch
supra trochlear
supra orbital
angular
facial
common facial
IJV
posterior auricular
EJV
subclavian
Modiolus
dimple
common point of insertion
extrinsic & intrinsic muscles converge
Buccinator
trumpet muscle
area of molar teeth
= compress cheeks against teeth & gums, blow out cheeks, raises intraoral pressure
Facial artery
ECA
facial expression muscles & mastication
pulsation @lower mandible, front of masseter
anaesthetist artery
= inferior labial,superior labial,lateral nasal,angular
very tortuous to allow mandible movement
Facial vein
angular vein + anterior facial vein -> ant. div. of retromandibular-> facial vein
ant. div. FV -> deep FV -> pterygoid venus plexus -> emissary vein -> cavernous sinus
Dangerous area (face)
medial ends of eyebrow+lateral angles of mouth+upper lip
infection spread in retrograde direction= thrombosis in cavernous sinus (upper lip+lower nose)
