Scaling and root planing Flashcards
According to Cobb (1996), what is the annual clinical attachment loss in untreated periodontal disease for individuals over 20 years old?
0.1–0.2 mm per year
What are the objectives of non-surgical mechanical therapy? (AAP, 2000; Carranza, 2015)
Reduce microbial load and contributing factors to periodontal disease
Halt disease progression and restore gingival and periodontal health
Improve patient comfort and preserve dentition.
What is the critical mass concept (Cobb & Killoy, 1990)?
Non-surgical therapy significantly reduces bacterial load.
Reduction in bacterial mass enables the immune system to control infection.
Effective debridement is crucial for disease resolution.
How much greater PD reduction occurs with OHI + ScRP vs. OHI alone?
1.36 mm greater PD reduction. (Tagge et al. 1975)
How much greater attachment gain occurs with OHI + ScRP vs. OHI alone?
0.52 mm greater attachment gain. (Tagge et al. 1975)
What is the goal of the initial phase of periodontitis treatment?
Improve patient plaque control and behavior
What are key interventions in the initial phase?
Supragingival biofilm removal
Oral hygiene instructions and motivation
Adjunctive therapies to reduce gingival inflammation
Professional Mechanical Plaque Removal (PMPR)
Removal of plaque, calculus, and plaque-retentive factors
What are risk factor control strategies in the initial phase?
Smoking cessation
Diabetes management
Lifestyle counseling (diet, weight loss, exercise)
What is the aim of non-surgical therapy (NST)?
Reduce or eliminate subgingival biofilm and calculus
What adjunctive treatments may be used during NST?
Antimicrobials and host modulating agents
What is the definition of root planing (AAP, 1992)?
Removal of rough or diseased cementum and surface dentin contaminated with toxins or microorganisms
What is the indication for root planing?
Presence of rough or diseased root surfaces
What are the goals of root planing?
Remove diseased, necrotic, or infected cementum
Smooth the root surface to reduce bacterial colonization and promote reattachment
According to Stambaugh et al. (1981), what was the instrumentation limit for calculus removal?
6.21 mm
Up to what depth was curettage most effective according to Stambaugh et al.?
3.73 mm
What happens to efficiency of plaque and calculus removal in deeper pockets?
It drops significantly
What was the success rate in 3–5 mm pockets?
39%
What was the success rate of plaque removal in pockets <3 mm?
83%
What was the success rate in pockets ≥5 mm?
11%
According to Lindhe et al. (1982), what is the critical probing depth for scaling and root planing?
2.9 mm anything lower will result in attachment lost
In what pocket depth does scaling and root planing lead to attachment gain?
4 mm pockets anything lower will result in attachment lost
When is surgery more effective than non-surgical therapy?
In pockets greater than 6 mm
According to Caffesse et al. (1986), how much of pocket surfaces ≥6 mm are cleaned by scaling and root planing alone?
32%
According to Wang et al. (2014), what is the effect of Phase I therapy after 6 months?
70% greater pocket reduction
