SC23 Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids

Question 1

How are alcoholic drinks made from carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Fermentation is the use of yeast to convert a type of carbohydrate called sugars into alcohol

Question 2

Word / balanced equation for the formation of ethanol from carbohydrates

Answer 2

Glucose –yeast–> Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

C6H1206 ———-> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2

Question 3

How is fractional distillation used to produce more concentrated alcohol solutions?

Answer 3

To make a concentration of ethanol above 20% ethanol must be concentrated by fractional distillation of the fermentation mixture

Question 4

Alcohols General Formula & Functional Group

Answer 4

Cn H2n+1 OH

Functional group = -OH

Question 5

Carboxylic Acid General Formula & Functional Group

Answer 5

Cn H2n+1 COOH

Functional group = COOH

Question 6

List the names and formula of the first 4 alcohols

Answer 6

Methanol CH3OH
Ethanol C2H5OH
Propanol C3H7OH
Butanol C4H9OH

Question 7

Chemical properties of carboxylic acids

Answer 7

• solutions of pH less than 7
• reacts with metals to form a salt and hydrogen
• reacts with bases to form a sat and water
• reacts with carbonates to form a salt, water, and CO2

Question 8

Chemical properties of alcohols

Answer 8

• highly flammable so often used as fuel

- used as solvents in marker pens / medicines / cosmetics