Paper 2 Flashcards
Group 1
2 qualities of Alkali metals
Soft
Low mp/bp
Group 1
As you go down, reactivity…
…increases
Group 1
Reactions with water include:
Lithium = move around surface fizzing Sodium = melts in heat of reaction Potassium = ignites the H2 producued
Group 7
Colour of chlorine
Green poisonous gas
Group 7
Colour of bromine
Red-brown liquid / orange vapour at room temp.
Group 7
Colour of iodine
Dark grey crystalline solid / purple vapour when heated
Group 7
Qualities of halogens
diatomic, mp/bp increases as you go down the group
Group 7
As you go down, reactivity…
…decreases
Test for chlorine
Damp blue litmus paper will be bleached, turning it white
May turn red for a moment as solution of chlorine is acidic
Group 7
What is formed when a halogen and metal react?
A salt called metal halides
Group 7
What is formed when halogens react with hydrogen?
Hydrogen halides, which dissolve in water to form acidic solutions
Group 0
Qualities to noble gases
monatomic, inert, colourless gases, non-flammable
Group 0
Use of argon
Provides inert atmosphere in filament lamps to stop hot filament burning
Group 0
Use of noble gases in flash photography
Argon, krypton and xenon stop flash filament from burning up during high temperatures of flash
Group 0
Uses of helium
Airships / party balloons as it has a lower density than air so can float
Group 0
As you go down the group, bp/mp and density…
…increase
How SA affects rate
The finer the particles of marble chips…
…the faster the reaction, meaning the powered chips on a graph goes up steeper
How conc. affects rate
The more conc. a solution…
… the faster the reaction occurs, so the steeper the line on a graph
How temp. affects rate
The higher the temperature…
…the faster the reaction
Sodium thiosulfate and HCL
What is the experiment?
Use different temperature solutions and time how long it takes for them to react - the reaction is finished when you can’t see a black cross underneath beaker
What does IFOSC
Increased frequency of successful collisions
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts
How are enzymes used to produce alcoholic drinks?
Enzymes from yeast cells are used in the fermentation process of alcoholic drinks
How do catalysts affect activation energy?
Decrease activity ion energy by providing an alternative reaction pathway that has a lower AE, so more particles have at least the minimum energy to react