SB Q2 C10

Question 1

What are the 3 cultural factors in health behavior ?

Answer 1

a) Family history of dietary risk factors
b) Personal habits
c) Diseases

Question 2

Explain what is
a) Family history of dietary risk factors

Answer 2

• Several studies have provided evidence that family history of dietary risk factors may be related to adolescents’ food preferences.
• Fischer and Dyer (1981) reported that family history of obesity was related
to increased intake of sweets, dairy products and fatty foods in a sample of 116 high school girls.
• Their results also indicated that having a family history of heart problems was related to decreased consumption of milk, eggs, and salty foods.
• Diabetes can come from genetics, just like it can come from family habits. But this is more often a factor in Type I diabetes. Type II diabetes can be greatly affected by the lifestyle a family lives. As you grow up and get older you learn a lot of habits from your family.

Question 3

Explain what is
b) Personal habits

Answer 3

• These are personal habits such as smoking, excessive drinking, over-eating
and not exercising which can influence the onset and course of a disease.
• About 50% of premature deaths in western countries can be attributed to lifestyle (Hamburg et al., 1982).
• Smokers, on average, reduce their life expectancy by five years (Bennett and Murphy, 1997).
• 50% of mortality from the 10 leading causes of death is due to behaviour.
• Doll and Peto (1981) estimated that 75% of cancer deaths were related to behaviour.
• 90% of all lung cancer mortality is attributable to cigarette smoking, which is also linked to other illnesses such as cancers of the bladder, pancreas, mouth, and oesophagus and coronary heart disease.

Question 4

Explain what is
c) Diseases

Answer 4

• Illness may have psychological consequences, but not psychological causes.
• Diseases endemic in different parts of the world can be affected by behavior and attitude e.g. malaria, aedes, zika.
1. Diseases come from outside the body, causing internal physical changes or
2. Diseases originate in the body as internal, involuntary physical changes.
3. Diseases are caused by chemical imbalances, bacteria or viruses

Question 5

What are culturally difference ?

Answer 5

• Culturally difference
1. HIV/AIDS increased the number of infection-related deaths in the West in the 1980s and 1990s. Effect in reducing life expectancy.
2. Poverty and poor nutrition has reduced life expectancy in Burma, India.
3. Cardiovascular diseases account for about 40% of all deaths in industrialized
countries.