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PHARMA > SAS#17 > Flashcards

SAS#17 Flashcards

1
Q

Effect different areas of blood pressure control so in most cases, these agents are combined for synergistic effect

A

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS

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2
Q

Blank cases of hypertension have no known case

A
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3
Q

What is the main action of antihypertensive

A

TO ALTER THE BODY’S REGULATING MECHANISMS (baroreceptors, raas etc)

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4
Q

Responsible for maintaining normal blood pressure

A

BODY’s REGULATING MECHANISMS
Baroreceptors
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

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5
Q

Different people have different responses towards hypertensive agents because hypertension is

A

MULTIFACTORIAL

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6
Q

Elevated blood pressure
is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risk of heart brain kidney and other diseases

A

HYPERTENSION

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7
Q

There is elevated total peripheral resistance. Also the organs are perfused effectively and people with_usually exhibit no symptoms. It is also the reason why hypertension is tagged as the silent killer

A

ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

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8
Q

Is characterized by elevated blood pressure due to a known cause

A

SECONDARY HYPERTENSION

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9
Q

A tumor in the adrenal medulla called ___can caused the organ to release a high amount of catecholamines which greatly increase blood pressure

A

PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA

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10
Q

Categories of hypertension
Normal
Elevated
Stage 1 hypertension
Stage 2 hypertension

A

<120/<80

120-129mmHg/<80mmhg

130-39/80-89

> Or equal to 140/< than or equal to 90mmHg

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11
Q

> 180/>120

A

HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

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12
Q

Systole is
Diastole is

A

CONTRACTION
RESTING

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13
Q

Are antihypertensive agents that act in the lungs to prevent the conversion of angiotensin 1 into angiotensin ll, which is a potent vasoconstrictor

A

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE)

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14
Q

By preventing the production of angiotensin ll, which is a potent vasoconstrictor and a stimulator of aldosterone release, blood pressure is decreased with resultant loss of serum sodium and fluid but with a slight increase in serum potassium

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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15
Q

Angiotensin ll is a

A

POTENT VASOCONSTRICTOR

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16
Q

ACE , aside from its indication in treating hypertension it is also combined with ____ in the treatment of

A

DIURETICS AND DIGOXIN

HEART FAILURE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION

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17
Q

Ace inhibitors is also approved for treatment of ____ in which the renal artery is being damaged by diabetes

A

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

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18
Q

Contraindications and cautions in ace that is can be exacerbated by the therapeutic effects of the drug

A

HYPONATREMIA AND HYPOVOLEMIA

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19
Q

Can cause potential adverse effect to the fetus and can decrease milk production

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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20
Q

Pregnant women are advised to use barrier type of contraceptives while taking this drug

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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21
Q

Is associated with sometimes fatal pancytopenia, cough and gi distress

A

CAPTOPRIL

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22
Q

In ace inhibitors it increased risk for hypersensitivity

A

ALLOPURINOL

23
Q

In ace inhibitors it increase risk for decrease antihypertensive effects

A

NSAIDS

24
Q

Administered drug on empty stomach 1 hour before or two hours after meal to ensure optimum drug absorption

A

ACE INHIBITORS

25
Q

are antihypertensive agents that exert their action by blocking vasoconstriction and release of aldosterone through selective blocking of angiotensin ll receptors in vascular smooth muscles and adrenal cortex

A

ANGIOTENSIN ll RECEPTOR BLOCKERS

26
Q

The main action is to block the blood pressure raising effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

A

RAAS

27
Q

Utilize in treatment of heart failure for patients who do not respond to ace inhibitors

A

ARBs

28
Q

These drugs are able to slow down the progress of renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension

A

ARBs

29
Q

Can be exacerbated by the drugs action on blocking important life saving compensatory mechanism
(Arbs)

A

HYPOVOLEMIA

30
Q

Can cause potential adverse effects to the fetus and potential termination of pregnancy between 2nd and 3rd trimester

A

ARBs

31
Q

Loss of effectiveness of ARBs

A

PHENOBARBITAL
INDOMETHACIN
RIFAMYCIN

32
Q

Decreased antihypertensive effects of ARBs

A

KETOCONAZOLE
FLUCONAZOLE
DILTIAZEM

33
Q

Administer drug with food to prevent gi distress associated with drug intake

A

ARBs

34
Q

As antihypertensive agents decrease blood pressure, cardiac workload, and myocardial consumption of oxygen

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

35
Q

Since Calcium channel blockers are drugs can significantly decreased cardiac workload, they are effective in treatment of

A

ANGINA

36
Q

Drug group that is first considered in cases of hypertension and this age (children) group that needs drug therapy

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

37
Q

Can be exacerbated by conduction slowing effect of the drug (ccb)

A

HEART BLOCK (SICK SINUS SYNDROME)

38
Q

can cause potential adverse effects to the fetus and should not be used unless the benefit to the mother clearly outweigh the risk to the fetus

A

CCB

39
Q

Increased serum level and toxicity of cyclosporine if taken w/
(Ccb)

A

DILTIAZEM

40
Q

Can increase serum level and toxicity of calcium channel blockers

A

GRAPEFRUIT JUICE

41
Q

Are use when the previous drugs mentioned are not effective

A

DIRECT VASODILATORS

42
Q

This antihypertensive agents are reserved for severe hypertension and hypertensive emergencies

A

VASODILATORS

43
Q

This antihypertensive agents exert their effects by acting directly on smooth muscles.

A

VASODILATORS

44
Q

Is used in maintaining controlled hypotension during surgery

A

NITROPRUSSIDE

45
Q

Nitroprusside is administered

A

INTRAVENOUSLY

46
Q

Hydralazine is available for

A

ORAL
INTRAVENOUS
INTRAMUSCULAR

47
Q

MINOXIDIL is available for

A

Oral use only

48
Q

Can be exacerbated by drugs action to cause sudden drop in blood pressure

A

CEREBRAL INSUFFICIENCY

49
Q

These conditions can be exacerbated by sudden drop in blood pressure

A

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
C A D
HEART FAILURE
TACHYCARDIA

50
Q

The drug can enter the breast milk and can cause potential adverse effects to the neonate

A

VASODILATORS

51
Q

Characterized by dyspnea, ataxia, loss of consciousness, distant heart sounds and dilated pupil

A

CYANIDE TOXICITY

52
Q

Nitroprusside suppresses iodine uptake which leads to development of

A

HYPOTHYROIDISM

53
Q

each drug and this group act differently on the body so each drug should be check for potential drug to drug and drug to food interactions

A

VASODILATORS

PHARMA (12 decks)

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