Sarah Gill's Clinical Anatomy Lectures

Question 1

Give the three functions of the upper limb

Answer 1

Protection
Action and dexterity
Mobility

Question 2

What is the shoulder girdle?

Answer 2

Everything from the sternoclavicular joint to the acromion and onto the scapula to the humeral head and proximal humerus

Question 3

Name the three joints in the shoulder girdle

Answer 3

Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
Glenohumeral

Question 4

Give an alternative name for the shoulder girdle

Answer 4

Pectoral girdle

Question 5

Where does the biceps groove run?

Answer 5

Along the humerus.

Question 6

In a patient of any size you should always be able to palpate which boney landmark in the shoulder girdle?

Answer 6

The lateral corner of the acromion process.

Question 7

The radial head is the proximal/distal end of the radius

Answer 7

Proximal

Question 8

the radial head articulates with the humerus/carpal bones

Answer 8

Humerus

Question 9

The acromioclavicular joint is most likely to dislocate in which group of people?

Answer 9

Young people

People who play sport (particularly rugby)

Question 10

Name the ligaments which try to prevent dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 10

The coracoclavicular ligaments

Question 11

Treatment of an acromioclavicular joint dislocation is always steroid injections and anaesthetic. True/false

Answer 11

False it is usually conservative.

Steroids and local anaesthetic may be considered if it is not healing

Question 12

What two conditions can affect the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 12

Dislocation

Osteoarthritis

Question 13

Where does the trapezius muscle originate?

Answer 13

all of the spinous processes down to T12

Question 14

Where does the trapezius muscle insert

Answer 14

Occiput

Spine of Scapula

Question 15

Name the two different necks of the humerus

Answer 15

Anatomical and surgical neck

Question 16

the anatomical/surgical neck of the humerus is more likely to fracture

Answer 16

Surgical

Question 17

Fracture of the anatomical neck of the humerus is almost always/never pathological

Answer 17

Almost always

Question 18

Why is the glenohumeral joint less stable than the hip joint?

Answer 18

The humeral head is less well captured by the glenoid process
It sacrifices stability for mobility

Question 19

Which two boney landmarks does the capsule of the glenohumeral joint run between?

Answer 19

the greater tuberosity of the humerus and the coracoid process of the scapula.

Question 20

Adhesive capsulitis is a stiffness of the glenohumeral joint capsule. True/false

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Adhesive capsulitis is not related to injury or trauma. True/false

Answer 21

False it is often caused by injury

Question 22

Adhesive capsulitis is treated by surgery. True/false

Answer 22

False - first line treatment is physiotherapy. Surgical debridement is an option if it doesn’t resolve with physio (little evidence supporting this)

Question 23

The labrum is a bony protrusion which helps to better capture the humeral head in the glenoid process - true/false

Answer 23

False - its a soft tissue protrusion which helps to better capture the humeral head in the glenoid process