Sara - Immunology Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main functions of the immune system?

A

Protection - defence from threats

Recognition of an antigen

Response to infection

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2
Q

List the four components of the immune system

A

Cells
Organs
Tissues
Immune cell products (cytokines and complement)

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3
Q

What are the two divisions of the immune system?

A

Innate

Adaptive

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4
Q

Give three characteristics of the innate immune system

A

No memory

Immediate response - initiated within seconds

Targets groups of pathogen - not specific

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5
Q

Give three characteristics of the adaptive immune system

A

Gradual response - over 3/4 days

Targets specific pathogens

Memory

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6
Q

What are the four barrier categories of innate immunity?

A

Anatomical e.g. skin

Physiological e.g. pH/body temp

Phagocytic e.g. macrophages

Inflammatory e.g. redness, pain etc

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7
Q

List the five main leukocytes

A

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Eosinophils

Basophils

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8
Q

What are mast cells also called?

A

Gatekeepers

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9
Q

What do mast cells release?

A

Inflammatory mediators

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10
Q

List four inflammatory mediators released by mast cells

A

Histamine

Prostaglandins

Leukotrienes

Cytokines

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11
Q

What are the two types of lymphocytes?

A

B and T lymphocytes

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12
Q

What cells need APCs for antigen recognition and activation?

A

T lymphocytes

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13
Q

What are the two types of T cell?

A

Helper = CD4+
Cytotoxic = CD8+

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14
Q

T Cells need an APC for activation, what are they called because of this?

A

MHC restricted cells

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15
Q

What immune cells are found in the lymph?

A

Dendritic cells

Lymphocytes

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16
Q

Classify lymphoid tissue

A

Primary and secondary lymphoid tissue

17
Q

What are the two primary lymphoid tissues?

A

Bone marrow

Thymus

18
Q

List the secondary lymphoid tissues
(5)

A

Tonsils

Lymph nodes

Spleen

Peyer’s patches

Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue