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GA 2 > SAQ 2 > Flashcards

SAQ 2 Flashcards

1
Q

posterior triangle

A

creates: the occipital and supraclavicular triangles

boundaries:

anterior: SCM
posterior: traps
inferiorly: middle third of clavicle

contents:
subclavian, superficial cervical, suprascapular and occipital a.a.
-external jugular and subclavian vein
-brachial plexus, spinal accessory, branches of cervical plexus

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2
Q

axillary sheath

A

covers roots of brachial plexus, fascial sheath derived from the deep cervical fascia

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3
Q

anterior triangle

A

boundaries:
anterior: midline of the neck
posterior: anterior border of SCM
Superior: lower margin of mandible

divisions: digastric and omohyoid triangles

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4
Q

submental triangles

A

boundaries:

medial: midline of the neck
lateral: anterior belly of the digastric
inferior: body of hyoid bone

Contents:
lymph nodes, begining of anterior jugular vein

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5
Q

digastric triangle

A

boundaries:
medial: anterior belly of the digastric
Lateral: posterior belly of the digastric
Superior: lower border of the madible

contents: submmandibular gland, facial a.a. and vein, lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve, mylohyoid nerve, carotid a.a., internal jugular vein, vagus nerve,stylohyoid,glossopharyngeal nerve, lower part of parotid gland

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6
Q

carotid triangle

A

Boundaries:

medial: superior belly of omohyoid
lateral: anterior border of SCM
superior: posterior belly of digastric

contents:
common carotid a.a., external carotid a.a., internal carotid a.a., internal jugular vein and tributaries, internal and external laryngeal nerves,CN 9,10,11, deep cervical lymph nodes

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7
Q

muscular triangle

A

boundaries:

medial: midline of the neck
inferior: anterior border of SCM
superior: superior belly of omohyoid

contents: sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyroid gland, larynx, trachea, esophagus, recurrent laryngeal nerve

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8
Q

floor of posterior triangle

A

floor:
prevertebral fascia, splenius capitis, levatoe scapulae, middle scalene, posterior scalene, anterior scalene (occasionally)

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9
Q

Pharyngeal arches (bars of mesenchymal tissue)

4th week of development

A

a typical pharyngeal arch consists of the following:
- an aortic arch: an a.a. arising from the truncus arteriosus (of primordial heart)

  • a cartilaginous rod- skeleton of the arch
  • muscular component- muscles of head and neck
  • a nerve- supplies mucosa and muscles derived from arch
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10
Q

center of the face is formed by the

A

stomodeum

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11
Q

first pharyngeal arch

A

maxillary and mandibular prominances
Bones- malleus,incus,mandible,maxilla,zygomatic, part of the temporal bone

muscles: muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani
ligaments: anterior ligament of malleus, sphenomandibular ligament
nerve: mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

second pharyngeal arch

A

bones: stapes, styloid process, lesser horn and upper portion of body of hyoid
muscles: muscles of fascial expression, posterior digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius

nerve- facial nerve

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13
Q

third pharyngeal arch

A

bones: greater horn and lower portion of body of hyoid

cartilage; the epiglottis is derived from third and fourth pharyngeal arches

muscles: stylopharyngeus
nerve: glossopharyngeal nerve

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14
Q

fourth and sixth pharyngeal arch

nothing is derived from the fifth arch

A

cartilage: thyroid, cricoid, laryngeal
muscles: cricothyroid, levator veli palatini, pharyngeal constrictors, intrinsic muscles of the larynx, striated muscles of esophagus
nerve: superior laryngeal nerve; recurrent laryngeal nerve

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15
Q

1st pharyngeal pouch

A

forms tubotympanic recess

forms external auditory meatus

gives rise to the tympanic cavity and auditory tube

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16
Q

2nd pharyngeal pouch

A

gives rise to the palatine tonsil

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17
Q

3rd pharyngeal pouch

A

dorsal part- inferior parathyroid glands

ventral part- thymus

18
Q

4th pharyngeal pouch

A

superior parathyroid gland

19
Q

fifth pharyngeal pouch

A

ultimobranchial body- incorporated into the thyroid gland; gives rise to the parafollicular cells

20
Q

what is the 1st endocrine gland to develop in the embryo?

A

thyroid gland

21
Q

anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

1st pharyngeal arch and is innervated by CN 5- madibular division

22
Q

posterior 1/2 of tongue

A

2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arches (CN 7- chorda tympani and CN 9- glossopharyngeal)

23
Q

which of the following triangles contains the brachial plexus?

A

the posterior triangle

24
Q

which of the following spinal nerves contribute to the formation of the cervical plexus?

A

c1-c4

25
Q

what muscle gets its motor supply from the facial nerve?

A

stylohyoid (the facial nerve exits the stylomastoid foramen)

26
Q

which muscle inserts itself in to the second rib?

A

posterior scalene (the anterior and middle scalenes insert on to 1st rib)

27
Q

which muscle inserts in to the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage?

A

Sternothyroid

28
Q

which of the following nerves provides motor supply to most of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

ansa cervicalis

29
Q

which of the following spinal nerves contribute to the brachial plexus?

A

c5-T1

30
Q

what vein drains the external jugular vein

A

the external jugular vein drains into the subclavian vein

31
Q

which of the following is a suprahyoid muscle?

A

stylohyoid

32
Q

what muscle seperates the anterior from the posterior cervical triangles?

A

the SCM

33
Q

the superior thyroid a.a. is a branch of the ______

A

the external carotid a.a. (the inferior thyroid a.a. is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk)

34
Q

which structure lies medially to the thyroid gland?

A

the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (clinical signif. is that in surgical operations of the thyroid the recurrent laryngeal may cause aphonia (harshness or total voice loss))

35
Q

what provides arterial supply to the trachea?

A

the trachea is supplied by a branch from each inferior thyroid a.a.

36
Q

which thyroid vein drains in to the brachiocephalic vein?

A

inferior thyroid vein (the superior and middle thyroid vein drains in to the internal jugular vein)

37
Q

what provides sensory supply to the trachea?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

38
Q

the esophagus enters the abdomen through the diaphragm at the level of ____ to join the stomach?

A

T10

39
Q

what is the normal number of parathyroid glands?

A

4- 2 superior and 2 inferior

40
Q

carpopedal spasm is a clinical maifestation of

A

hypoparathyroidism

41
Q

myexdema is a clinical condition resulting from ______ in adults

A

hypothyroidism

42
Q

which artery provides blood to the cervical part of the esophagus

A

the inferior thyroid a.a.

GA 2 (4 decks)

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