Saponins Flashcards
Sci name - yam
Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea floribunda, Dioscorea spiculiflora
Family - yam
Dioscoreaceae
Constituents - yam
Botogenin, diosgenin (steroidal saponins)
Use - yam’s constituent
Diosgenin - corticosteroid production (sex hormones)
Variety of yam, best steroid source
D. floribunda
Sci name - sarsaparilla
Smilax aristolochiaefolia (Mexican), Smilax regellii (Honduras)
Family - sarsaparilla
Liliaceae
Cons - sarsaparilla
Smilagenin, sarsasapogenin, parillin (steroidal saponins)
Use - sarsaparilla (5)
Syphilis, rheumatism, skin diseases, psoriasis, eczema
sci name - ginseng
Panax ginseng (Asian), Panax quinquefolius (American)
Family - ginseng
Araliaceas
Cons - ginseng
Ginsenoside, panaxoside, chikusetsusaponins (steroidal)
Use - ginseng
Aphrodisiac, adaptogen, tx of anemia, diabetes, gastritis, sexual impotence
“Ginseng of europe” - name, sci name, part
Chamomile, Matricaria chamomila, leaflets
sci name - sisal
Agave sisalana
cons - sisal
Hecogenin (0.01%)
Use - sisal
Practical starting material for corticosteroid synthesis
___ and ___ from ___ are also used for hormone synthesis
Stigmasterol, sitosterol, soy
Sci name - butcher’s broom
Ruscus aculeatus
Cons - butcher’s broom
Ruscogenin
Use - butcher’s broom
Anti-inflamm, vasoconstrictor
Sci name - Black cohosh
Actea racemosa
Cons - black cohosh
actein
Use - black cohosh
Menopause, rheumatic conditions
Sci name - fenugreek
Trigonella foenum-graecum
Part - fenugreek
Oily embryo of seeds
Cons - fenugreek
Diosgenin
Yam has the same constituent as ?
Fenugreek (diosgenin)
Use - fenugreek
Hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic
sci name - liquorice
Glycyrrhiza glabra
part - liquorice
dried roots / stolons
Russian variety of liquorice
var glandulifera
Persian variety of liquorice
var B-violacea
Cons - liquorice
Glycyrrhizin
Aglycone - liquorice
Glycyrrhetinic acid
Cons 50x as sweet as sugar
Glycyrrhyzin
Use - liquorice (glycyrrhyzin)
Expectorant, flavorant, masks taste of bitter drugs (paralyzes taste buds), increases beer foaminess
Use - liquorice (glycyrrhetinic acid)
anti-inflammatory, PUD, Addison’s disease
Liquorice is contraindicated to patients with ___ because it retains ___ / __ and reduces ___
hypertension, fluid/Na+, K+
part - quillaja
dried inner bark
sci name - quillaja
Quillaja saponaria
family - quillaja
Rosaceae
Cons - quillaja
Quillaja saponin
Use - quillaja
Detergent, emulsifier
Synonyms - gugo
Box bean, St. Thomas Bean
Sci name - gugo
Entada phaseoloides
Sci name - senega
Polygala senega
Use - senega
Stimulant expectorant in chronic bronchitis
Sci name - cowslip
Primula veris
Cons - cowslip
Primulaverin
Gotu Kola aka?
Tiger grass
Tiger grass aka?
Gotu kola
Sci name - Tiger grass
Centella asiatica
Cons - gotu kola
asiaticoside, centelloside
Use - tiger grass
Diuretic, antirheumatic, vasodilator, tonic for skin diseases and leprosy (India)
Sci name - ivy
Hedera helix
Cons - ivy
Hederin
Use - ivy
Bronchial conditions, gout, rheumatic pains
Bitter gourd aka?
Karela
Sci name - karela
Momordica charantia
Cons- karela
Momordicosides
Use - karela
Hypoglemic (insulin-like peptide)
Sci name - horse chestnut
Aesculus hippocastanum
Cons - horse chestnut
Aescin
Use - horse chestnut
Hemorrhoids, varicose veins, leg ulcer, bruisers
CI with warfarin
Horse chestnut
Horse chestnut is contraindicated with?
Warfarin