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PCOG Lec > Saponins > Flashcards

Saponins Flashcards

1
Q

Sci name - yam

A

Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea floribunda, Dioscorea spiculiflora

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2
Q

Family - yam

A

Dioscoreaceae

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3
Q

Constituents - yam

A

Botogenin, diosgenin (steroidal saponins)

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4
Q

Use - yam’s constituent

A

Diosgenin - corticosteroid production (sex hormones)

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5
Q

Variety of yam, best steroid source

A

D. floribunda

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6
Q

Sci name - sarsaparilla

A

Smilax aristolochiaefolia (Mexican), Smilax regellii (Honduras)

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7
Q

Family - sarsaparilla

A

Liliaceae

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8
Q

Cons - sarsaparilla

A

Smilagenin, sarsasapogenin, parillin (steroidal saponins)

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9
Q

Use - sarsaparilla (5)

A

Syphilis, rheumatism, skin diseases, psoriasis, eczema

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10
Q

sci name - ginseng

A

Panax ginseng (Asian), Panax quinquefolius (American)

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11
Q

Family - ginseng

A

Araliaceas

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12
Q

Cons - ginseng

A

Ginsenoside, panaxoside, chikusetsusaponins (steroidal)

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13
Q

Use - ginseng

A

Aphrodisiac, adaptogen, tx of anemia, diabetes, gastritis, sexual impotence

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14
Q

“Ginseng of europe” - name, sci name, part

A

Chamomile, Matricaria chamomila, leaflets

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15
Q

sci name - sisal

A

Agave sisalana

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16
Q

cons - sisal

A

Hecogenin (0.01%)

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17
Q

Use - sisal

A

Practical starting material for corticosteroid synthesis

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18
Q

___ and ___ from ___ are also used for hormone synthesis

A

Stigmasterol, sitosterol, soy

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19
Q

Sci name - butcher’s broom

A

Ruscus aculeatus

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20
Q

Cons - butcher’s broom

A

Ruscogenin

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21
Q

Use - butcher’s broom

A

Anti-inflamm, vasoconstrictor

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22
Q

Sci name - Black cohosh

A

Actea racemosa

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23
Q

Cons - black cohosh

A

actein

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24
Q

Use - black cohosh

A

Menopause, rheumatic conditions

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25
Q

Sci name - fenugreek

A

Trigonella foenum-graecum

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26
Q

Part - fenugreek

A

Oily embryo of seeds

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27
Q

Cons - fenugreek

A

Diosgenin

28
Q

Yam has the same constituent as ?

A

Fenugreek (diosgenin)

29
Q

Use - fenugreek

A

Hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic

30
Q

sci name - liquorice

A

Glycyrrhiza glabra

31
Q

part - liquorice

A

dried roots / stolons

32
Q

Russian variety of liquorice

A

var glandulifera

33
Q

Persian variety of liquorice

A

var B-violacea

34
Q

Cons - liquorice

A

Glycyrrhizin

35
Q

Aglycone - liquorice

A

Glycyrrhetinic acid

36
Q

Cons 50x as sweet as sugar

A

Glycyrrhyzin

37
Q

Use - liquorice (glycyrrhyzin)

A

Expectorant, flavorant, masks taste of bitter drugs (paralyzes taste buds), increases beer foaminess

38
Q

Use - liquorice (glycyrrhetinic acid)

A

anti-inflammatory, PUD, Addison’s disease

39
Q

Liquorice is contraindicated to patients with ___ because it retains ___ / __ and reduces ___

A

hypertension, fluid/Na+, K+

40
Q

part - quillaja

A

dried inner bark

41
Q

sci name - quillaja

A

Quillaja saponaria

42
Q

family - quillaja

A

Rosaceae

43
Q

Cons - quillaja

A

Quillaja saponin

44
Q

Use - quillaja

A

Detergent, emulsifier

45
Q

Synonyms - gugo

A

Box bean, St. Thomas Bean

46
Q

Sci name - gugo

A

Entada phaseoloides

47
Q

Sci name - senega

A

Polygala senega

48
Q

Use - senega

A

Stimulant expectorant in chronic bronchitis

49
Q

Sci name - cowslip

A

Primula veris

50
Q

Cons - cowslip

A

Primulaverin

51
Q

Gotu Kola aka?

A

Tiger grass

52
Q

Tiger grass aka?

A

Gotu kola

53
Q

Sci name - Tiger grass

A

Centella asiatica

54
Q

Cons - gotu kola

A

asiaticoside, centelloside

55
Q

Use - tiger grass

A

Diuretic, antirheumatic, vasodilator, tonic for skin diseases and leprosy (India)

56
Q

Sci name - ivy

A

Hedera helix

57
Q

Cons - ivy

A

Hederin

58
Q

Use - ivy

A

Bronchial conditions, gout, rheumatic pains

59
Q

Bitter gourd aka?

A

Karela

60
Q

Sci name - karela

A

Momordica charantia

61
Q

Cons- karela

A

Momordicosides

62
Q

Use - karela

A

Hypoglemic (insulin-like peptide)

63
Q

Sci name - horse chestnut

A

Aesculus hippocastanum

64
Q

Cons - horse chestnut

A

Aescin

65
Q

Use - horse chestnut

A

Hemorrhoids, varicose veins, leg ulcer, bruisers

66
Q

CI with warfarin

A

Horse chestnut

67
Q

Horse chestnut is contraindicated with?

A

Warfarin

PCOG Lec (6 decks)

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