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Movies & Books > Sapiens > Flashcards

Sapiens Flashcards

1
Q

Carodejstvo

A

Sorcery

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2
Q

Predsa len tieto obmedzenia nechavaju bohaty priestor pre prekvapive vyvoje, ktore sa nezdaju viazane ziadnymi urcujucimi zakonmi

A

Yet these constraints leave ample room for surprising developments, which do not seem bound by any deterministic laws.

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3
Q

Vazal / nevoľník

A

A retainer

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4
Q

Kupit odpustky
Mat zalubu / potesenie v

A

Buy indulgencies
Have indulgence in/of

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5
Q

Nechutny pre potkany
Horka pravda

A

Unpalatable [anpalatebl] to rats
Unpalatable truth

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6
Q

Tazky, tazivy

A

Burdensome

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7
Q

Urodny, mnozivy

A

Fertile

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8
Q

Razit mince
Mince boli vyrazene

A

Mint the coins
The coins were struck

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9
Q

Zataty, tvrdosijny

A

Dogged

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10
Q

Vyhladnutý predák

A

A ravenous [ravenos] foreman

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11
Q

Svedci k ich skutocnej hodnote

A

Testifies to their real value

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12
Q

Podvratna cinnost proti moci krala

A

Subversion against a king´s power

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13
Q

Skutocne nemozny

A

Virtually impossible

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14
Q

Opovrhovany / vysmievany

A

Despised / ridiculed

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15
Q

Pospinit povest penazi

A

Besmirch [bismrč] money

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16
Q

Vyvrcholenie tolerancie

A

An apogee of tolerance

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17
Q

Vludne principy

A

Benign principles

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18
Q

Pôvodné kmeňové územia

A

Ancestral tribal lands

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19
Q

Oddanost, vernost

A

Allegiance [-lídžens]

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20
Q

Zadržať prílivy peňazí

A

Hold back the tides of money

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21
Q

Porazit ( velkym rozdielom) kalkulujucich obchodnikov

A

Trounce calculating merchants

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22
Q

Nevie vydrzat ranu

A

Cannot sustain a blow

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23
Q

Odhodit rimske jarmo

A

Throw off a Roman yoke

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24
Q

Zničené ríše

A

Vanquished empires

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25
Q

Podrobit si hrde mesta

A

Subjugate the proud cities

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26
Q

Rimska trpezlivost splasla

A

The Roman patience snapped

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27
Q

Potomok latinciny

A

A progeny of Latin

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28
Q

Kvalifikovat sa o oznacenie

A

Qualify for a designation

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29
Q

Narodeny v manzelstve

A

Born in wedlock

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30
Q

Zlatany spolu retazcom bystrych manzelskych aliancii

A

Cobbled together by a string of shrewd marriage alliances

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31
Q

Rise mozu byt male-slabe-neefektivne

A

Empires can be puny [pjuny]

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32
Q

Podmaniť si politicke zriadenia

A

Subdue polities

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33
Q

Stlacit taku ludsku zmes

A

Squeeze such a human potpouri [p-puri]

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34
Q

Risa sa zrutila/ prekoprcla

A

An empire toppled up

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35
Q

Zostali podriadení

A

Remained subjugated

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36
Q

Nevysli z vyhlodanej / vykuchanej mrtvoly rise

A

Did not emerge from empire´s eviscerated carcass

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37
Q

Kolik v stafete

A

A baton [bet-n] in a relay [rilei] race

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38
Q

Byt dokonale zmateny

A

Be utterly bewildered

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39
Q

Zlomyselny masaker

A

A vicious slaughter

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40
Q

Nacelnik, vodca

A

A chieftain [číftn]

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41
Q

Rúhač (sveta)

A

A ruffian (of the world)

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42
Q

Plienit
Vrazdit

A

Plunder
Slaughter

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43
Q

Popriet / distancovat sa od vsetkeho imperialneho dedicstva

A

Disavow all imperial legacies

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44
Q

Nevyhnutne prostriedky/peniaze

A

Wherewithall

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45
Q

Zachovat rec pre potomstvo

A

Preserve speech for posterity

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46
Q

Sluzit ako tlmocnik/ hlasna truba

A

Serve as a mouth piece

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47
Q

Nie je ziaden dokaz, ze kultury, ktore su priaznive k ludom musia neuprosne uspiet a rozsirovat sa, zatial co menej priaznive zmiznu

A

There is no proof that cultures that are beneficial to humans must inexorably succeed, while the less beneficial disappear

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48
Q

Podriadil si ludi

A

He subjected the people

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49
Q

Ziskat suhlas / schvalenie

A

Gain approbation

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50
Q

Predpoklad je zarážajúci

A

A presumption is startling

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51
Q

Figu sa starame

A

We care an iota

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52
Q

Rucne liata

A

Hand cast

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53
Q

Hladat uznanie ich (svojich) blizkych / súkmeňovcov

A

Seek the esteem of their peers

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54
Q

Štandardizácia bola výhodou pre vladárov

A

Standardisation was a boon to emperors.

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55
Q

Odovodnit krvipreliatie

A

Justify a bloodshed

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56
Q

Prinosy boli vyznamne / dolezite / hlavne

A

The benefits were salient

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57
Q

Odvod , konfiskat

A

A conscription

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58
Q

Pracovat pre blaho obcanov

A

Work for the welfare of inhabitans

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59
Q

Mandat bol udeleny vladcovi

A

The mandate was bestowed upon the emperor

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60
Q

Obdarovat barbarov mierom, spravodlivostou a kultivovanostou

A

Endow barbarians with piece, justice and refinement

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61
Q

Pomalovani galovia zili v spine

A

The painted Gauls lived in squalor

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62
Q

Vzalo si ako svoju misiu rozsievanie Budhovo ucenia

A

It took as its mission the dissemination of Budha’ s teachings

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63
Q

Dostat bozsky mandat

A

Receive a divine mandate

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64
Q

Citili sa zaviazani povinnostou umoznovat neuprosny historicky pochod

A

They felt duty-bound to facilitate an ineroxable historical march

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65
Q

Dodat tovar strelami s plochou drahou letu

A

Deliver the goods by cruise missiles

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66
Q

Držať sa zaužívanej tradície

A

Stick to a hidebound tradition

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67
Q

Mongolská kultúra bola čínskou napodobneninou

A

The Mongolian culture was a Chinese copycat

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68
Q

Prezuvat taliansku pizzu

A

Munch on Italian pizza

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69
Q

Vdaka, ze si nam to doprial

A

Thank for indulging us

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70
Q

Ake narocne je to pre pouzivatela?

A

How onerous [oneres] is it for a user?

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71
Q

Rise zrodili hybridné civilizacie, ktore absorbovali veľa od ich poddanych

A

Empires have begot hybrid civilisations that absorbed much from their subject people

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72
Q

Nie ze by tento kulturny zlievarensky kotol spravil proces kulturneho prisposobenia pre porazenych/premozenych akokolvek lahsim

A

Not that this cultural melting pot made the process of cultural assimilation any easier for the vanquished.

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73
Q

Nadobudol bezchybnu latincinu, iba s miernym prizvukom

A

He has acquired impeccable Latin, with only a slight accent

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74
Q

Dopraje si záľubu svojej ženy v zložito zdobenych ozdôbkach.

A

He indulges his wife’s penchant for elaborately ornate baubles.

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75
Q

Ona si zachovava tuto pamiatku/pozostatok keltskeho vkusu

A

She retains this relic of Celtic taste

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76
Q

Stal sa kvalifikovanym obhajcom

A

He became a quailified barrister

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77
Q

Bol vyzdobeny v obleku a kravate

A

He was bedecked in suit and tie

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78
Q

Nerímania vyrástli, aby sa dostali do najvyšších hodností v dôstojníckom zbore rímskych légií a boli vymenovaní do senátu

A

Non-Romans rose to occupy the top ranks in the officer corps of the Roman legions and were appointed to the Senate

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79
Q

Po tomto boli spustené všetky etnické priehrady

A

After that all the ethnic dams were let down

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80
Q

Bol odnozou/potomkom

A

He was a scion [ssájn]

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81
Q

Prisposobili sa na rimsku kulturu s takou chutou/nadsenim/energiou

A

They adopted Roman culture with such a zest

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82
Q

Stara arabska elita sa pozerala na tychto zbohatlikov s hlbokym nepriatelstvom

A

The old Arab elite looked upon these parvenus with deep hostility

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83
Q

Frustrovani konvertovani sa hlasno dozadovali rovnakeho dielu v ramci rise

A

The frustrated converts clamoured for an equal share within the empire

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84
Q

Nakoniec sa im po podarilo / našli si cestu

A

Eventually they got their way

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85
Q

Pokračovali v jej zastávaní sa, rozvíjaní a šírení

A

They continued to uphold it, develop it and spread it

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86
Q

Uspech imperialneho projektu bol este viac dokladny

A

The success of the imperial project was even more thorough

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87
Q

Zmes / chaos etnickych a kulturnych skupin

A

A welter of ethnic and cultural groups

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88
Q

Plochy mimo územia

A

Outlying areas

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89
Q

Dobili väčšinu zemegule pod zasterkou rozsirovania nadradenej zapadnej kultury

A

They conquered much of the globe under the guise [gais] of spreading a superior western culture

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90
Q

Lokalne skupiny, ktore prijali zapadne hodnoty, si narokovali rovnost so svojimi europskymi dobyvatelmi, v mene prave tychto hodnot

A

Local groups that had adopted Western values claimed equality with their European conquerors in the name of these very values

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91
Q

Mnoho proti-kolonialnych bojov bolo vedenych pod zastavami sebaurcenia…

A

Many anti-colonial struggles were waged under the banners of self-determination…

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92
Q

Osvojit si a prisposobit sa

A

Adopt and adapt

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93
Q

Prestali existovať ako jedinečné etnikum

A

They ceased to exist as a unique ethnic group

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94
Q

Je to lakave delit historiu cisto na zlych a dobrych chlapcov

A

It is tempting to divide history neatly into bad guys and good guys

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95
Q

Pokusaju sa vycistit ludsku kulturu od imperializmu

A

They seek to purge human culture of imperialism

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96
Q

Neskazena / neposkvrnena hriechom

A

Untainted by sin

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97
Q

V najhoršom prípade slúžia ako hanlivá výkladná skriňa pre hrubý nacionalizmus a bigotnosť (nábozenskú neznášanlivosť)

A

At worst they serve as disingenous [disindženjues] window-dressing for crude nationalism and bigotry

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98
Q

Neznehodnotený inymi spolocnostami

A

Unadulterated by other societes

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99
Q

Osvojili si to so nadsenim konvertovanych

A

They adopted it with a zest of converted

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100
Q

Boli zdeseni ked briti odmietli zit podla svojich vlastnych hodnot

A

They were dismayed when the British refused to live up to their own values

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101
Q

Aj ak by sme uplne popreli dedicstvo brutalnej rise

A

Even if we completely disavow [dis-vav] the legacy of a brutal empire

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102
Q

Ti, ktori neznasaju zmrzacenie indickej kultury britskym Rajom, nechcene vysvacuju dedictstva mughalskej rise

A

Those who resent the mutilation of Indian culture by the British Raj, inadvertently sanctify the legacies of the Mughal empire.

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103
Q

Tvarovany nesmierne mocnymi prudmi kapitalu, prace a informacii

A

Shaped by immensely powerful currents of capital, labour and information.

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104
Q

Bomby nerozlisuju / nepoznaju ziadne hranice

A

Bombs recognize no borders

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105
Q

Bozske sily tvorivosti

A

Divine powers of creation

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106
Q

Prechadzali rukou po jemnych cinskych hodvaboch

A

They ran their hand over fine Chinese silks

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107
Q

Zurivi kmenovi muzi zo stepi vystavovali poslednu varku otrokov z dalekeho zapadu

A

Fierce tribesmen from the steppes displayed the latest batch of straw-haired slaves from the far west

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108
Q

Armada nastupila - sformovala sa, aby v 1891 napadla Japonsko.

A

The army mustered to invade Japan in 1891.

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109
Q

Kruziac okolo najsvatejsej svatyne

A

Circling the holiest shrine

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110
Q

Ich roby vanuli vo vetre a oci horeli / blcali extazou

A

Their robes floated in the wind and their eyes blazed with extasy

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111
Q

Pocasim / vetrom oslahani turci, krivajuci o palicke a uvazlivo si hladkajuci bradu

A

Weather-beaten Turks, hobbling on a stick and stroking their beard thoughfully

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112
Q

Koza cierna ako uhol

A

A jet-black skin

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113
Q

Náboženstvá tvrdia, že naše zákony nie sú výsledkom ľudského rozmaru, ale sú stanovené absolútnou a nespochybniteľnou autoritou.

A

Religions assert that our laws are not the result of a human caprice [kapris], but are ordained by an absolute and indisputable authority.

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114
Q

Zjednotit pod zastitou

A

Unite under an aegis [idzis]

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115
Q

Neodsekávajte strom, aby sa jeho duch nerozzúril a nepomstil

A

Lest. Do not cut a tree lest its spirit become angry and take revenge

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116
Q

Spravit ovcu podradnejsiu nez je clovek

A

Make a sheep inferior to man

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117
Q

Poľnohospodári vlastnili rastliny a zvieratá, manipulovali s nimi a len ťažko sa mohli ponižovať vyjednávaním so svojím majetkom.

A

Farmers owned and manipulated plants and animals and hardly could degrade themselves by negotiating with their possessions.

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118
Q

Zamknúť ovce do ohrád

A

Lock the sheep in pens

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119
Q

Ovca - samica

A

Ewe

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120
Q

Nemohli zarucit, ze ovce pocnu

A

They could not ensure that the ewes conceived

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121
Q

Ako zaručiť plodnost / vynosnosť stád?

A

How to safeguard the fecundity [fekandity] of the flocks?

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122
Q

Tlmené rastliny a živočíchy

A

Muted plants and animals

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123
Q

Pozemske / svetske potreby obycajnych ludi

A

Mundane needs of ordinary people

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124
Q

Povysit status ludskeho druhu

A

Exalt [exolt] a status of humankind

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125
Q

Bohovia sa mohli, ak dostali oddanost a obety, uracit priniest dazd, vitazstvo alebo zdravie.

A

The gods might, if they received devotions and sacrifices, deign to bring rain, victory or health.

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126
Q

Myslienka podporujuca vieru v mnohych bohov

A

An idea buttressing the belief in many gods

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127
Q

Osud - všemohúca a všetko-obsahujúca sila.

A

Fate - an omnipotent and all-encompassing power

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128
Q

Vyhody modlarstva

A

The benefits of idolatry [ajdoletry]

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129
Q

Pod zastitou

A

Under the aegis [ídžis]

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130
Q

Musi podporovat univerzalny poriadok

A

It must espouse a universal order

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131
Q

Nespravilo to ovce menejcenne / podriadene cloveku

A

It did not make sheep inferior to man

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132
Q

Baran a ovca

A

A ram and a ewe [jú]

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133
Q

Ako zabezpecit plodnost stada?

A

How to safeguard the fecundity of the flock?

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134
Q

Je opornym pilierom

A

Is buttressing

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135
Q

Vsemohuca a vsetko obsahujuca sila - Osud

A

Omnipotent and all encompassing power - Fate

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136
Q

Boli v zajati / otrokom osudu

A

They were inthrall to Fate

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137
Q

Su odsudeni na zánik v kataklizme

A

They are doomed to perish in a cataclysm

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138
Q

Je zbavena zaujmov / tuzob a predsudkov

A

Is devoid of interests and biases

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139
Q

Svetska tema / uloha

A

A mundane subject / theme

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140
Q

Prosperovat alebo zvadnut / uschnut

A

To prosper or wither

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141
Q

Zriect sa (oficialne) vsetkych tuzob

A

To renounce all desires

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142
Q

Pominutelny fenomen

A

An ephemeral phenomena

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143
Q

Ludske muky

A

Human anguish

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144
Q

Bozske chutky

A

Divine whims

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145
Q

Podnecovat ohen tuzby

A

Stoke the fire of craving

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146
Q

Plamene su uplne zahasene

A

The flames are completely extinguished

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147
Q

Spokojnost a jasnost (vyrovnanost)

A

Contentment and serenity [serenity]

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148
Q

Oporny bod

A

Fulcrum

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149
Q

Dosiahnut nirvanu

A

Attain nirvana

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150
Q

Snaha o dosiahnutie svetských úspechov

A

Pursuit of mundane [mandejn] achievements

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151
Q

Menej skromny ako Budha

A

Less austere [ostír] than the Budha

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152
Q

Vek intenzivneho nabozenskeho zapalu

A

An age of intense religious fervour

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153
Q

Tieto viery su nerady nazyvane nabozenstvami

A

These creeds do not like to be called religions

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154
Q

Obsahova stranka slov
Slovne cvicenie

A

The semantics
A semantic exercise

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155
Q

Vynos (nariadenie) vsemocneho boha tvorcu

A

An edict of an omnipotent creator god

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156
Q

Kasle na bohov

A

It gives short shrift to gods

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157
Q

Prirodzene a nezmenitelne zakony

A

Natural and immutable laws

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158
Q

Predpovedat

A

Foretell

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159
Q

Bol upaleny na hranici za kacirstvo

A

He was burned at the stake for heresy

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160
Q

Oddany komunista

A

A devout communist

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161
Q

Byť obdarený svojim stvoriteľom

A

Be endowed by their creator

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162
Q

Neodcudzitelne pravo

A

Inalienable [in ejlienebl] right

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163
Q

Sloboda jedincov je preto nedotknutelna / posvatna

A

The liberty of individuals is therefore sacrosanct

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164
Q

Hlavne prikazania su kolektivne zname ako ‘ludske prava’

A

The chief commandments [komandments] are collectively known as ‘human rights’

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165
Q

Ochranit slobodu vnutorneho hlasu pred zasahovanim alebo ublizovanim

A

Protect liberty of the inner voice against intrusion or harm

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166
Q

Liberali namietaju voci muceniu a trestu smrti

A

Liberals object to torture and death penalty

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167
Q

Ucastniac sa prisernych poprav

A

Attending gruesome executions

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168
Q

Zaručenie a znovuvybudovanie jeho ludskej svatosti

A

Safeguarding and rebuilding of his human sanctity

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169
Q

Poriadok je znovunastoleny

A

Order is restored

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170
Q

Bez odvolania sa na

A

Without recourse to

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171
Q

Nerovnost je najhorsim ruhanim voci svatosti humanizmu

A

Inequality is the worst blasphemy against the sanctity of humanism

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172
Q

Myslienka, ze vsetci ludia su si rovni je prerobenou verziou monoteistickeho presvedcenia, ze vsetky duse su si rovne pred Bohom

A

The idea that all humans are equal is a revamped version of the monotheist conviction that all souls are equal before God

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173
Q

Usilovnost, huzevnatost

A

Diligence

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174
Q

Ak by im bolo umožnené rozmnožovať sa, a najmä uzatvárať manželstvá s árijcami, znehodnotili by všetky ľudské populácie a odsúdili by Homo sapiens na vyhynutie.

A

If allowed to breed, and in particular intermarry with Aryans [eriens], they would adulterate all human populations and doom Homo sapiens to extinction.

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175
Q

Odvtedy biologovia odmaskovali / odhalili pravu podstatu nacistickej rasovej teorie

A

Biologists have since debunked the Nazi racial theory

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176
Q

Vzhladom na vedecke poznatky v 1933, viery nacistov sa len tazko vymykali ramcu.

A

Given the state of scientific knowledge in 1933, the Nazi’s beliefs were hardly outside the pale.

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177
Q

Prinutil svojich nepriatelov, aby robili jasne rozlisenia medzi ‘my’ a ‘oni’.

A

He compelled his enemies to make clear distinctions between ‘us’ and ‘them’.

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178
Q

Nadradenost bielych

A

White supremacy

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179
Q

Boli považovaní za nevhodných aby fungovali ako občania.

A

They were deemed unfit to function as citizens.

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180
Q

Nacisti sa neštítili humanizmu.

A

Nazis did not loathe [lous] humanism.

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181
Q

Vyradiť nevhodných jednotlivcov

A

Weed out unfit individuals

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182
Q

Zachranovanim / pomahanim slabsich / slabsim

A

By succouring [sakring] the weak

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183
Q

Beda tomu kto zhresi voci tymto zakonom

A

Woe to him who sins against these laws

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184
Q

Okuliarnatý liberál je otrasený násilim, ktoré je potrebné na vytvorenie superčloveka

A

A bespectacled [bispektikld] liberal is appaled [apóld] by a violence needed to create a superhuman.

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185
Q

Ale dnes su take projekty spat v kurze.

A

But today such projects are back in vouge [voug].

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186
Q

Otvára sa obrovská priepasť medzi zásadami liberálneho humanizmu a najnovšími zisteniami vied o živote človeka.

A

A huge gulf is opening between the tenets of liberal humanism and the latest findings of the life sciences.

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187
Q

Omyl spatneho pohladu

A

A hindsight fallacy

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188
Q

Do budúcnosti sa rozvetvuje nespočetné množstvo ciest

A

A myriad paths fork off into the future

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189
Q

Mohol sa držať svojho tradičného a pestrého mnohobožstva

A

It could have stuck to its traditional and variegated [v-riegejted] polytheism

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190
Q

Preco si zvolil / vybral / rozhodol sa pre Jezisa?

A

Why did he opt for Jesus?

191
Q

Krestania rychlo ziskavali stupencov

A

Christians were quickly gaining adherents

192
Q

Najst pricinne spojiva, ktore su zodpovedne za vyskyt tohto konkretneho sledu udalosti, s vylucenim vsetkych ostatnych

A

Find causal connections that account for the occurence of this particular series of events to the exclusions of all others

193
Q

Ti hlbsie informovani o obdobi su ovela viac oboznameni s cestami, ktore nenastali

A

Those more deeply informed about the period are much more cognisant of the roads not taken

194
Q

Tí, ktorí v tom čase žili, boli najviac bezradní zo všetkých

A

Those alive at the time were the most clueless of all

195
Q

Stratia USA svoju nadvladu?

A

Will the USA lose its hegemony?

196
Q

Je rozmach / nástup monoteistického fundamentalizmu vlnou budúcnosti, alebo lokálnou krútňavou malého významu z hľadiska trvania?

A

Is the upsurge of monotheistic fundamentalism a wave of the future, or a local whirpool of little long-term significance?

197
Q

Moznosti, ktore sa sucasnikom zdaju velmi nepravdepodobne, sa casto realizuju

A

Possibilities which seem very unlikely to contemporaries often get realised

198
Q

Uchopil sa tronu

A

He assumed the throne

199
Q

Mala radikalna ruska frakcia

A

A small radical Russian fraction

200
Q

Ziadna rozumna osoba by nebola bývala predpovedala, ze za puhe 4 roky by prevzali krajinu

A

No reasonable person would have predicted that within a mere [mi-] 4 years they would take over the country

201
Q

Obyvajuci pust

A

Dessert-dwelling

202
Q

Este viac absurdnejšie

A

Even more preposterous [prip-sters]

203
Q

Skutocne, ak by byzantska armada bola schopna odrazit prvotny napor

A

Indeed, had the Byzantine army been able to repel the initial onslaught

204
Q

Odbornik / znalec, znalci

A

Cognoscente / cognoscenti [kognošenti]

205
Q

Viera založená na zjavení obchodníkovi stredného veku z Mekky sa nikdy nemohla uchytiť

A

A faith based on a revelation [revelejšn] to a middle-aged Meccan merchant could never have caught on

206
Q

Determinizmus je príťažlivý, pretože predpokladá, že

A

Determinism is appealing because it implies that

207
Q

Horlivo verime v ludske prava

A

We fervently believe in human rights

208
Q

Chaoticke systemy prichadzaju v 2 podobach

A

Chaotic systems come in 2 shapes

209
Q

Cena ropy bude okamzite reagovat na predpoved, ktora by nasledkom toho zlyhala v zhmotneni sa

A

The price of oil will immediately react to the forecast, which would consequently fail to materialize

210
Q

Neomylny pocitacovy program

A

Infallible computer program

211
Q

Cena vystreli na 100

A

The price will shoot up to 100

212
Q

Karat / ostro kritizovat expertov

A

Castigate experts

213
Q

Predpovedatelna revolucia nikdy nevypukne

A

A predictable revolution never errupts

214
Q

Politolog spiknuty s pocitacovym magom vyvinuli neomylny program

A

A political scientist in cahoot with a computer wizard have developed an infallible program

215
Q

Veľkorysá záloha

A

A generous down payment

216
Q

Posilnit tajnu policiu

A

Beef up secret police

217
Q

Predbežné opatrenia fungujú

A

Pre-emptive measures work

218
Q

Pokynie svojim strazam, aby sa ich chopili

A

He motions his guards to grab them

219
Q

Nemame objektivne meradlo, podla ktoreho medzi nimi posudzujeme

A

We have no objective yardstick by wich we judge between them

220
Q

Mohlo by byť, źe by nám všetkým bolo lepšie, keby sa na kresťanstvo a islam zabudlo alebo keby boli porazené.

A

It may well be that we’d all be better off if Christianity and Islam had been forgotten or defeated

221
Q

Nevedomy hostitel parazitov

A

An unwitting host of parasites [parasajts]

222
Q

Ziviac sa svojimi hostitelmi, oslabujuci ich

A

Feeding off their hosts, weakening them

223
Q

Odovzdat parazita

A

Pass along a parasite

224
Q

Kultúry nie sú konšpirácie zostavené niektorými ľudmi, aby využili iných. Kultúry sú skôr mentálni paraziti, ktorí sa objavujú náhodne a potom využívajú všetkých ľudí, ktorí sa nimi nakazia.

A

Cultures are not conspiracies concocted by some people in order to take advantage of others. Rather, cultures are mental parasites that emerge accidentaly, and thereafter take advantage of all people infected by them

225
Q

Mnohí odborníci memetikou pohŕdajú, pretože ju považujú za amatérsky pokus vysvetliť kultúrne procesy pomocou hrubých biologických analógií.

A

Many schopars disdain memetics, seeing it as an amateurish attempt to explain cultural processes with crude biological analogies

226
Q

Tak ako evolucia, aj historia neberie ohlad na stastie individualneho organizmu

A

Like evolution, history disregards the happiness of individual organism

227
Q

Prebudit sa do hluku Kolumbusovych namornikov

A

Wake up to the din of Columbus’ sailors

228
Q

Upadnúť do spánku

A

Fall into a slumber

229
Q

Populacia narastla 14 x.

A

Population has increased 14-fold

230
Q

Rozbrazdene kolaje spiny

A

Rutted dirt tracks

231
Q

Fakla mihotajuca sa v sere

A

A torch flickering in the gloom

232
Q

Obmedzeni / uvazneni k zemskemu povrchu

A

Confined to the earth’s surface

233
Q

Odtlacok chapadla

A

A tentacle print

234
Q

Nazrel
Male stvorenia hemziace sa v kvapke vody

A

He took a peek
Tiny creatures milling [miling] about in a drop of water

235
Q

Nakazlive choroby
Zapriahnut mikroorganizmy do sluzieb mediciny a priemyslu

A

Contagious [kontejdžs] diseases
Harness microorganisms in the service of medicine and industry

236
Q

Súdny príkaz / zákaz
Žiaden koncept alebo myšlienka nie je posvätná alebo nespochybniteľná

A

Injunction
No concept or idea is sacred [s-ikrit] or beyond challenge

237
Q

Zbozny a konzervativny vek

A

A pious [pajas] and conservative age

238
Q

Mohamed odsúdil svojich arabských spoluobčanov za to, že žijú v nevedomosti o božskej pravde

A

Muhammad condemned his fellow Arabs for living in ignorance of the divine truth

239
Q

Ako zosúladiť kvanovú mechaniku s teóriou všeobecnej relativity

A

How to reconcile the quantum mechanics with the theory of general relativity

240
Q

Hlucne debatovat

A

To debate vociferously

241
Q

Chcenie pripustit nevedomost spravili modernu vedu dynamickejsou, pruznejsou a badavejsou

A

The willingness to admit ignorance has made modern science more dynamic, supple and inquisitive

242
Q

Tvrdili, ze ich rasova politika bola dosledkami biologickych faktov

A

They claimed that their racial policies were the corollaries of biological fasts

243
Q

Vyriekli absolutne ekonomicke pravdy, ktore nikdy nemozu byt vyvratene

A

They divined absolute economic truths that can never be refuted

244
Q

Je to tazke pre nase mysle na uchopenie, a jeho zavery casto protirecia zdravemu rozumu (beznemu zmyslu)

A

It is difficult for our minds to grasp, and its findings often contradict common sense

245
Q

Veda sa nicmenej tesi obrovskej ucte-vaznosti, kvoli novej sile, ktoru nam dava

A

Science nevertheless enjoys immense prestige because of the new power it gives us

246
Q

Dnes maju ludia tendenciu pliest si, zamieňať si tie dva

A

Today people tend to confuse the two

247
Q

Nemam na mysli tvrdit, ze

A

I do not mean to claim that

248
Q

Ked 1. svetova vojna u uvazla v neskoncitelnom zakopovom vedeni vojny, obe strany povolali vedcov, aby prelomili tuto patovu situaciu a zachranili narod

A

When the first WW bogged down into intermitable trench warfare, both sides called in the scientists to break the deadlock and save the nation

249
Q

Porazka bola bezprostredne hroziaca

A

The defeat was imminent

250
Q

Objav nevedomosti

A

The discovery of ignorance

251
Q

Vdaka vynaliezavosti/duchaplnosti nejakeho miestneho tesara

A

Thanks to ingenuity of some local carpenter

252
Q

Ked 1. svetova vojna uviazla v zdlhavom zakopovom boji, obe strany povolali vedcov, aby prekonali mrtvy bod a zachranili narod

A

When the 1sf world war bogged down into intermitable trench warfare, both sides called in the scientists to breaks the deadlock and save the nation

253
Q

Americke sily boli prichystané napadnut jej ostrovy

A

American forces were poised to invade its islands

254
Q

Japonci prisahali, ze budu odolavat invazii a bojovat na smrt, a boli všetky dovody verit, ze to nie je plana vyhrazka

A

The Japanese vowed to resist the invasion and fight to the death, and there was every reason to believe that it was not an idle threat

255
Q

Nemajú oproti nim žiadnu výhodu

A

They have no edge over them

256
Q

Svet bol stagnujuci, ak nie kaziaci sa

A

The world was stagnant, if not deteriorating

257
Q

Ludska vynaliezavost mohla predstaviteľne / nápadito zlepsit ten alebo tamten aspekt kazdodenneho zivota.

A

The human ingenuity [ingenuity] might conceivably improve this or that facet of daily life.

258
Q

Ak oni neboli schopni zrusit hlad, chorobu, chudobu a vojnu zo sveta, ako mozeme my ocakavat, ze to spravime?

A

If they were unable to abolish famine [famin], disease, poverty and war from the world, how could we expect to do so?

259
Q

Ale myslienka, ze by tak mohlo spravit ludstvo, cez objavovanie novych znalosti a vynachadzanie novych nastrojov bola horsia ako smiešna - bola arogantná.

A

But the notion that humankind could do so by discovering new knowledge and inventing new tools was worse that ludicrous [lúdikrs] - it was hubris [hjúbris]

260
Q

Chudoba, choroby, vojny, hlad, starovek a smrt sama neboli nevyhnutnym osudom ludstva. Boli jednoducho ovocim nasej nevedomosti.

A

Povetry, sickness, wars, faminess, old age and death itself were not the inevitable fate of humankind. They were simply the fruits of our ignorance.

261
Q

Pomazala Krista drahym olejom a oni ju za to pokarhali/vyhresili.

A

She anointed Christ with a precious oil, and they scolded her for that.

262
Q

Obhajovanim vraha napravame to, co vrah pokazil.

A

By defending a murderer we right what the murderer has wronged.

263
Q

Vzbudit zvedavost

A

Pique curiosity

264
Q

Hormónmi opitý teenager

A

A hormone-saused teenager

265
Q

Obrovský / úžasný rast

A

Stupendous growth

266
Q

Bystrý / prefíkaný finančník

A

A shrewd financer

267
Q

Skúsená ale nemajetná

A

Experienced but impecunious

268
Q

Podnikavý kontraktor

A

An up-and-coming contractor

269
Q

Bankový trezor

A

A bank vault

270
Q

Nie je to klam-podvod, ale skor pocta úžasným schopnostiam ľudskej predstavivosti

A

It is not a deception, but rather a tribute to the amazing abilities of the human imagination.

271
Q

Peniaze sú zarážajúca vec

A

Money is an astounding thing

272
Q

Verili, že celkové množstvo bohatstva bolo obmedzené, ohraničené, ak nie zmenšujúce sa, slabnúce.

A

They believed that the total amount of wealth was limited, if not dwindling.

273
Q

10 rokov odteraz

A

Ten years down the line

274
Q

Obchody vyzerali ako nezisková hra.

A

Businesses looked like a zero-sum game

275
Q

Benátky by mohli prekvitať, ale iba ožobráčením Ženevy.

A

Venice might flourish, but only by impowerishing Genoa

276
Q

Preto veľa kultúr došlo k záveru, že robiť kôpky peňazí bolo hriešne

A

That´s why many cultures concluded that making bundles of money was sinful.

277
Q

Bohatí boli povinní robiť pokánie za svoje diabolské skutky

A

The rich were obliged to do penance for their evil deeds

278
Q

Poddajní tvárni poddaní

A

Docile subjects

279
Q

Pomocníčka v kuchyni

A

A scullery maid

280
Q

Lakomec bude hromadit svoje peniaze v truhlici

A

Scrooge will hoard his money in a chest

281
Q

Pirat, ktory vyplieni spanielsku flotilu s pokladom, a pochova truhlicu plnu jagavych minci

A

A pirate who loots a Spanish treasure fleet and buries a chest full of glittering coins

282
Q

Stredoveký šľachtic zastával etiku štedrosti / veľkodušnosti a okázalej spotreby

A

A medieval [midívl] noblemen espoused an ethics of generosity and conspicious consumption

283
Q

Moderni CEOs nosia / obliekaju si jednotvarne uniformy nazyvane obleky, ktore im dovolujú / poskytuju všetku parádu kŕdľa vrán

A

Modern CEOs don dreary uniforms called suits that afford them all the panache of a flock of crows

284
Q

Uviaznu v nekonečných diskusiách

A

They bog down in interminable discussions

285
Q

Jej základnou doktrínou je, že ekonomický rast je najvyšším dobrom, alebo pri najmenšom zástupcom za najvyššie dobro.

A

Its principal tenet is that economic grow is the supreme good, or at least a proxy to the supreme good

286
Q

Vychovat / všepiť afgánskym kmeňovým mužom v hodnotãch slobodného podnikania, šetrnosti a sebadôvery

A

Inculcate Afgan tribesmen in the values of free enterprise, thrift and self-reliance

287
Q

Vyčistiť / odstrániť prekážku

A

Clear a hurdle

288
Q

Spaľovací motor

A

Internal combustion engine [endžin]

289
Q

Zaplatiť účet

A

Foot the bill

290
Q

Naplniť očakávanIa predtým než praskne bublina

A

Fulfil expectations before the bubble bursts

291
Q

Tvoria trilióny dolárov zo vzduchu

A

They create trillions of dollars out of thin air

292
Q

Ktorých zisky by mohli garantovať trilióny fiktívnych peňazí

A

Whose profits could back the trillions of make-believe money

293
Q

Mali tendenciu opovrhovať obchodníkmi a obchodníckym myslením

A

They tended to despise merchants and mercantile thinking

294
Q

Dlžili málo kreditným systémom

A

They owed little to credit systems

295
Q

Poklady zobrané / zožaté z Ameriky

A

Treasures reaped from America

296
Q

Boli ochotní odlúčiť sa so svojimi peniazmi

A

They were willing to part with their money

297
Q

Stroskotali v tropických búrkach

A

They foundered in tropical storms

298
Q

Na to aby znížili riziko, ktoré spôsobili

A

In order to reduce the risk they incurred

299
Q

Jediná roztrasená / vratká loď

A

A single rickety ship

300
Q

Riziko bolo obmedzené / oklieštené

A

The risk was curtailed

301
Q

Španielsko panovalo / držalo vládu nad širokou globálnou ríšou

A

Spain held sway over a vast global empire

302
Q

Holandsko bolo malou a veternou bažinou, zbavenou prírodných zdrojov

A

The Netherlands was a small and windy swamp [swómp] , devoid of natural resources

303
Q

Odvážne útočiac na nepremožiteľné veterné mlyny

A

Courageously tilting at invincible windmills

304
Q

Holandskí mešťania mali malú chuť pre boj na zemi

A

The Dutch burghers had little taste for combat on land

305
Q

Žoldnierske armády

A

Mercenary armies

306
Q

Flotily s vytasenými kanónmi

A

Cannon-brandishing fleets

307
Q

Zabezpečili si dôveru pučiaceho európskeho finančného systému

A

They secured the trust of the burgeoning European financial system

308
Q

Bezstarostne narúšal / rozleptával jeho dôveru v neho

A

He carelessly eroded its trust in him

309
Q

Boli posadnutí splatením svojich pôžičiek načas a v plnej výške

A

They were sticklers about repaying their loans on time and in full

310
Q

Kapitál bočí od diktátorských štátov

A

Capital trickes away from dictatorial states

311
Q

Tečie do štátov povzbudzujúcich / držiacich vysoko pravidlá zákonov a súkromného vlastníctva

A

It flows into states upholding the rules of law and private property

312
Q

Investovať do krovinatej krajiny opusteného ostrova

A

Invest in scrubland of a desolate island

313
Q

Rieka Hudson sa zmení na hlavnú obchodnú tepnu

A

Hudson river turns into a major trade artery

314
Q

Súdnický systém krajiny

A

A country judicial [džudiš´l] system

315
Q

Obe pôžičky majú byť splatené do roka

A

Both loans are to be repaid within a year

316
Q

Teraz sa zaplietol do konfliktu s Turkami

A

He has now embroiled himself in a conflict with the Turks

317
Q

Žiada priateľov na súde, aby zakročili / prihovorili sa, ale zbytočne / bez úspechu

A

He asks friends at court to intercede, but to no avail

318
Q

Nielenže nezarobil sľúbený úrok - stratil kapitál

A

Not only has he not earned the promised interest - he has lost the principal

319
Q

Hovorí rázne, že peniaze potrebuje hneď / okamžite

A

He tells in no uncertain terms that he needs the money forthwith.

320
Q

Hlava rodiny má slabé miesto pre svojho najmladšieho

A

The paterfamilias has a soft spot for his youngest

321
Q

Tvoje šťastie netrvá donekonečna

A

Your luck does not hold indefinitely [indefinitly]

322
Q

Má tušenie, že drevené dreváky budú ďalšou módnou mániou v Paríži

A

He has a hunch that wooden clogs will be the next fashion craze in Paris

323
Q

Dreváky nemajú u francúzskych dám úspech a najedovaný obchodník odmieta splatiť svoju pôžičku

A

The clogs don’t catch on with the French ladies, and disgruntled merchant refuses to repay his loan

324
Q

Je čas uvoľniť / pustiť z reťaze právnikov

A

It is time to unleash the lawyers

325
Q

Podať žalobu proti niekdajšiemu čarodejníkovi s drevenými topánkami

A

File suit against the erstwhile wooden-shoe wizard

326
Q

Zákonné súdy sú podriadené / podlízavé kráľovi - sudcovia slúžia k jeho radosti

A

The law courts are subservient to the king - the judges serve at his pleasure

327
Q

Súd uvalí zádržné právo na obchodníkov majetok, aby ho prinútil všetko zaplatiť

A

The court puts a lien [lín/ lien] on the merchant’s assets to force him to pay up

328
Q

Trampoty tvojho brata nie sú skončené

A

Your brother’s travails [traveils] are not over

329
Q

Vznáša vymyslené obvinenia z vlastizrady proti nemu

A

He brings trumped-up treason charges against him

330
Q

Ak hneď nepríde s mincami, bude uvrhnutý do temnice a bude tam hniť až kým nezomrie

A

If he does not come with the coins forthwith, he’ll get cast into a dungeon and rot there until he dies

331
Q

Zaplatí výkupné za svojho milovaného syna

A

He pays the ransom for his beloved son

332
Q

Pašujú svoje imanie preč z ich krajiny

A

They are smuggling their fortunes out of their country

333
Q

Sú na tom lepšie ak to investujú tam kde prevláda pravidlo zákona

A

They are better off investing it where the rule of law prevails

334
Q

Premárnil dôveru investorov v tom istom čase ako si holandskí obchodníci získali ich dôveru / konfidenciu

A

He squandered the trust of investors at the same time that Dutch merchants gained their confidence

335
Q

Najedované / rozladené obyvateľstvo

A

Disgruntled populace

336
Q

To oprávňovalo ich držiteľov dostať porciu ziskov spoločnosti

A

It entitled their holders to recieve a portion of the company’s profits

337
Q

Nikdy by neboli dali a dvakrát by si boli bývali rozmysleli

A

They would never have given and they would have thought twice

338
Q

Dunenie španielskeho delostrelectva mohlo stále byť počuté nie ďaleko od hradieb Amsterdamu

A

The boom of Spanish artilery could still be heard not far from Amsterdam’s ramparts

339
Q

Najať hotové armády

A

Hire off-the-shelf armies

340
Q

Ako sa 17-ste storočie vinulo ku koncu, samoľúbosť a nákladné vojny spôsobili

A

As the 17th century wound to an end, complacency [komplejsensy] and costly wars caused

341
Q

Správanie francúzskej koruny bolo obzvlášť nechvalne známe počas

A

The behavour of the French Crown was particularly notorious during

342
Q

V 1717 sa Mississippi company, autorizovaná vo Francúzsku, vydala kolonizovať dolné údolie Mississippi, založiac v [tomto] procese mesto New Orleans

A

In 1717 the Mississippi Company, chartered in France, set out to colonise the lower Mississippi valley, establishing the city of New Orleans in the process

343
Q

Spoločnosť mala dobré konexie na kráľovskom dvore a predävala akcie na parížskej burze

A

The company had good connections at the court and sold shares on the Paris stock exchange

344
Q

Zamilovali sa / prepadli / sadli na lep týmto fantáziám a ceny akcií sa vyšplhali vysoko

A

They fell for these fantasies, and the share prices skyrocketed

345
Q

Každý veril, že objavil ľahkú cestu k bohatstvu

A

Everybody believed they’d discovered an easy way to riches

346
Q

Tiež sa z toho chceli rýchlo dostať. Ceny prudko klesali ďalej, spustiac lavínu.

Centrálna banka skúpila akcie, ale nakoniec jej došli peniaze

A

They also wanted to get out quick. The prices plummeted further, setting off an avalanche.

The Central bank bought up the shares, but eventually it ran out of money.

347
Q

Veľkí špekulanti vyviazli vo veľkom neporušení - predali včas

A

The big speculators emerged largely unscathed [anskejth] - the had sold in time

348
Q

Francúzsky kráľovský finančný systém sa nikdy plne nepozbieral z tejto rany. Spôsob akým MC použila svoj politický vplyv na manipuláciu cien akcií a živenie nákupného šialenstva spôsobilo, že verejnosť stratila vieru vo francúzsky bankový systém

A

The royal French financial system never recuperated fully from the blow. The way the MC used its political clout to manipulate share prices and fuel the byuing frenzy caused the public to lose faith in the French banking system

349
Q

Ručiť za pôžičky

A

Secure loans

350
Q

Nastúpil / dostal sa na trón po smrti starého otca.
Neochotne zvolal parlament

A

He has ascended the throne on his grandfather’s death.
Reluctantly, he convened the Parliament.

351
Q

Ťažko to ukončilo objatie kapitalizmu s ríšou

A

It hardly ended the embrace of capitalism and empire

352
Q

Ako oni vtipkovali, západné vlády sa stávali odborovou úniou kapitalistov

A

As they quipped, Western governments were becoming a capitalist trade unions

353
Q

Ako vlády plnili príkazy veľkých peňazí

A

How governments did the bidding of big money

354
Q

Rôzni britskí podnikatelia

A

Sundry British business people

355
Q

Milióny číňanov sa stali závislými, oslabujúc krajinu aj ekonomicky aj sociálne

A

Millions of Chinese became addicts, debilitating the country both economically and socially

356
Q

Vláda vydala zákaz obchodovania s drogami

A

The government issued a ban on drug trafficking

357
Q

Držali akcie v drogových spoločnostiach

A

They held stock in the drug companies

358
Q

Riadne vyhlásili vojnu v mene slobodného trhu

A

They duly declared the war in the name of free market

359
Q

Bolo to víťazstvo

A

It was a walkover

360
Q

Čína súhlasila, že nebude obmedovať aktivity britských drogových obchodníkov, a že ich bude komzpenzovať za škody spôsobené čínskou políciou

A

China agreed not to constrain the activities of British drug merchants and to compensate them for damages inflicted by the Chinese police

361
Q

Egyptský dlh sa nadúval / vzrastal, a európski veritelia sa čoraz viac plietli v egypstkých záležitostiach

A

Egyptian debt swelled, and European creditors increasingly meddled in Egyptian affairs

362
Q

Vyhlásili jednostranné anulovanie všetkého zahraničného dlhu.
Kráľovná Viktória nebola pobavená.
O rok neskôr vyslala svoju armádu

A

They declared a unilateral abrogation of all foreign debt.
Queen Victoria was not amused.
A year later she dispatched her army

363
Q

Povstanie vzbudilo veľké sympatie v liberálnych a romantických kruhoch v Británii

A

The uprising aroused great sympathy in liberal and romantic circles in Britain

364
Q

Bojovať po boku povstalcov / rebelov

A

Fight alongside the insurgents

365
Q

Turci postupne získali vedenie

A

The Turks gradually gained the upper hand

366
Q

S bezprostrednou / neodvratnou porážkou rebelov

A

With a rebel defeat imminent

367
Q

Po storočiach podrobenia bolo Grécko konečne slobodné

A

After centuries of subjugation, Greece was finally free

368
Q

Grécka ekonomika bola zaviazaná britským veriteľom na najbližšie desaťročia

A

The Greek economy was mortaged to British creditors for the decades to come

369
Q

Medvedie objatie medzi kapitälom a politikou malo ďalekosiahle dôsledky pre kreditný trh

A

The bear hug between capital and politics has had far reaching implications for the credit market

370
Q

Horliví / zapálení kapitalisti majú tendenciu argumentovať

A

Ardent capitalists tend to argue

371
Q

Použiť peniaze na poskytnutie okäzalých / štedrých nezamestnaneckých výhod

A

Use the money to give lavish [laviš] unemployment benefits

372
Q

Dovoliť silám trhu voľnú uzdu, aby si samé určovali smer

A

Allow market forces free rein to take their course

373
Q

Súkromní investori, nezaťažení politickými úvahami

A

Private investors, unencumbered by political considerations

374
Q

Kritizujú vojenské dobrodružstvá v zahraničí s rovnakým zanietením / nadšením ako kritizujú sociálne programy doma

A

They criticize military adventures abroad with as much zeal as welfare programmes at home

375
Q

Je úlohou politických systémov zabezpečiť dôveru (v budúcnosť) prijímaním právnych sankcií proti podvodom a zriaďovať a podporovať policajné sily, súdy a väznice na vymáhanie práva

A

It is a job of political systems to ensure trust (in the future) by legislating sanctions against cheats and establish and support police forces, courts and jails to enforce the law

376
Q

Vedie to k strate dôvery, scvrknutému kreditu a ekonomickej depresii

A

It leads to lost of trust, dwindling credit and economic depression

377
Q

Bolo to pripomenuté US bytovou bublinou v 2007, a následným zdrvením krediitov a recesiou

A

It was reminded by the US housing bubble of 2007, and the ensuing credit crunch and recession

378
Q

Najlepší zamestnanci by ho prirodzene opustili a išli by pracovať pre jeho konkurenciu

A

The best empooyees would naturally abandon him and go work for his competition

379
Q

Musel by opraviť / zlepšiť svoje spôsoby, alebo odísť z biznisu

A

He would have to mend his ways or go out of business

380
Q

Jeho vlastná pažravosť by ho prinútila zaobchádzať so svojimi zamestnancami dobre

A

His own greed would compel him to treat his employees well

381
Q

Ziskuchtiví / Lakomí kapitalisti môžu zriadiť monopoly, alebo sa spolčiť proti svojim pracovným siläm

A

Avaricious capitalists can establish monopolies or collude against their work forces

382
Q

Chamtiví bossovia môžu obmedziť / pristrihnúť pracujúcim slobodu pohybu cez nútené práce alebo otroctvo

A

Greedy bosses can curtail the wokers’ freedom of movement by peonage or slavery

383
Q

Z toho vyplýva, že egoistická chamtivosť je prínosná pre všetkých

A

This implies that egoistic greed is beneficial for all

384
Q

Tieto bane a plantáže sa stali hlavnou oporou pre americkú výrobu a export

A

These mines and plantations have become the mainstay of American production and export

385
Q

Bol importovaný za závratné ceny a používal sa úsporne ako tajná ingrediencia

A

It was imported at prohibitive prices and used sparingly as a secret ingredient

386
Q

Európa vyvinula nenásytného maškrtníka

A

Europe developed an insatiable [insejšebl] sweet tooth

387
Q

Málo ľudí chcelo pracovať dlhé hodiny v cukrových poliach zamorených maláriou

A

Few people wanted to work long hours in malaria-infested sugar fields

388
Q

Pracovné podmienky boli hnusné

A

Labour conditions were abominable [abominebl]

389
Q

Toto je chybička krásy kapitalizmu voľného trhu

A

This is the fly in the ointment of the free market capitalism

390
Q

Nemôže uistiť, že sa zisky získavajú férovým spôsobom, alebo že sa distribuujú férovo.

A

It cannot ensure that the profits are gained in a fair way, or distributed in a fair manner

391
Q

Niektoré náboženstvá, ako kresťanstvo a nacizmus, zabili milióny zo spaľujúcej nenávisti.
Kapitalizmus zabil milióny z chladnej ľahostajnosti spojenej s chamtivosťou

A

Some religions, such as Christianity and Nazism, have killed millions out of burning hatred [hejtrid].
Capitalism has killed millions out of cold indifference coupled with greed.

392
Q

Atlantický obchod s otrokmi nepramenil z rasistickej nenávisti voči Afričanom

A

The Atlantic slave trade did not stem from racist haterd towards Africans

393
Q

Atlantický obchod s otrokmi nebol jedinou úchylkou v inak nepoškvrnenom zázname

A

The Atlantic slave trade was not a single aberration [aberejšn] in an otherwise spotless record

394
Q

Poctivý / čestný meštan

A

An upstanding burgher

395
Q

Bezpočet iných previnení / priestupkov sprevádzali rast

A

Countless other misdemeanours [misdemínrs] accompanied the growth

396
Q

Odsúdený na život v krajnej chudobe

A

Condemned to a life of abject poverty

397
Q

Územie, 75 x väčšie ako Belgicko, bolo odvtedy známe ako slobodný štát Kongo

A

The territory, seventy-five times the size of Belgium, was henceforth known as the Congo free state

398
Q

Nemilosrdne vykorisťovali miestne obyvateľstvo

A

The ruthlessly [rus’ lesly] exploited the local population

399
Q

Kaučuk sa rýchlo stával priemyselným základom

A

The rubber was fast becoming an industrial staple

400
Q

Kapitalistická chamtivosť bola do istej miery obmedzená, v neposlednom rade aj vďaka komunizmu

A

The capitalist greed was somewhat reined in, not least due to the communism

401
Q

Nerovnosti sú však stále bujné / prevládajúce / bujne rastúce

A

Yet the inequities are still rampant [rampent].

402
Q

Bolo to tak oveľa horšie takmer vo všetkých mysliteľných spôsoboch

A

It was so much worst in almost every conceivable way

403
Q

Rozdelenie pokladov / výdobytkov / koristi nikdy nebude spravodlivé / poctivé

A

The division of spoils will never be equitable [E kvitebl]

404
Q

To nepostačuje

A

This does not suffice [s fajs]

405
Q

Proti zdravému rozumu, zatiaľ čo použitie energie a nerastných materiálov ľudstvom sa v posledných pár storočí rástlo ako huby po daždi, množstvá, ktoré sú k dispozíci pre našu ťažbu v skutočnosti narastali

A

Counter-intuitively, while humankinds’ use of energy and raw materials has mushroomed in the last few centuries, the amounts available for our exploitation have actually increased

406
Q

Tieto nemenne / konštantne produkovali

A

These have invariably [inveriebly] produced

407
Q

Vozíky a fúriky
Tesári a kováči

A

Carts and wheelbarrows [uílbarrous]
Carpenters and smiths

408
Q

Jeden by mohol čakať, že také obdivuhodné úsilie by bolo bývalo vyčerpalo… a že dnes by sme vyškrabávali spodok suda. Opak je vśak pravdou.

A

One might have expected that such a prodigious effort would have exhausted… and that today we would be scraping the bottom of the barrel.
Yet the opposite is the case.

409
Q

Ohromne sa spoliehalo na drevo a kov.
Dnes má k svojej dispozícii nepreberné množstvo / roh hojnosti novo objavených materiálov

A

It relied overwhelmingly on wood and iron.
Today it has at its disposal a cornucopia [kornukopia] of new-found materials

410
Q

Po tisícročia pred priemyselnou revolúciou ľudia pálili drevo aby tavili železo… plachetnice využívali / zužitkovali silu vetra na pohyb a vodné mlyny zachytávali toky riek na mletie obilia

A

For millenia prior to the industrial revolution humans burned wood in order to smelt iron… sailing ships harnessed wind [ouind] power to move around and watermills captured the flow of rivers to grind [grajnd] grain

411
Q

Ešte väčším problémom bolo, že ľudia nevedeli premeniť jeden typ energie na iný.
Obrátene, nemohli používať…
Vykonávať také triky s premenou energie…
Premeniiť uvoľnenú energiu na pohyb svalov.
Vliecť rikšu alebo ťahať pluh

A

An even bigger problem was that people did not know how to convert one type of energy into another.
Conversely, they could not use…
Perform such energy conversion tricks…
Convert the released energy into the movement of muscles
Haul [houl / haul] a rickshaw [rikšó] or pull a plough [plau]

412
Q

Polia poorané svalmi…
Zachytávali slnečnú energiu a pakovali ju do organických zlúčenín.

A

Muscles poughed fields…
They captured solar energy and packed it into organic compounds.

413
Q

Slnečné svetlo bolo vzácne

A

Sunlight was scarce [skers]

414
Q

Sýpky / obilnice boli prázdne, vyberači daní boli nečinní / povaľovali sa

A

Granaries were empty, tax collectors were idle

415
Q

Slnko svietilo jasne a pšenica dozrela, roľníci pozbierali úrody a naplnili sýpky

A

The sun shone brightly and the wheat ripened, peasants [peznts] harvested the crops and filled the granaries

416
Q

Deň za dňom
Zízalo im to do očí zakaždým keď postavili konvicu na varenie vody na pec.
Nadskakujúca pokrievka bola mrzutosť, zvlášť keď voda vyvrela.

A

Day in and day out
It stared them in the eye everytime they put up a kettle to boil water on the stove.
Jumping lid was an annoyance [anojens], especially when the water boiled over.

417
Q

Použitie pušného prachu na pohon projektilov…

Potom čo nejaký expert na bomby rozdrvil pušný prach v mažiari len aby mu tĺčik vystrelil silou…

A

Using gunpowder to propel projectiles [prodžektils / prodžektajls]…

After some bomb expert ground gunpowder in a mortar only to have the pestle shoot out with force…

418
Q

Ako britská populácia narastala / bobtnala, boli zoťaté lesy, aby živili rastúcu ekonomiku…
Veľa uhoľných slojov / ložísk bolo umiestnených v zamokrených územiach a zaplavenie bránilo baníkov v prístupe k nižší vrstvám baní.
Čudný hluk sa začal ozývať okolo britských uhoľných šácht.
Hlásateľ / posol / predzvesť priemyselnej revolúcie…obklopil celý svet v ohlušujúcom nesúzvuku.
Vyžaroval / vychádzal z parného stroja

A

As the British population swelled, forests were cut down to fuel the growing economy…
Any coal seams were located in waterlogged areas and flooding prevented miners from accessing the lower strata [strata / strejta] of the mines.
A strange noise began reverberating around British mineshafts.
A harbinger of the Industrial revolution…enveloped the entire world in a deafening [defning] cacophony.
It emanated from a steam engine.

419
Q

Ako sa para rozpína, tlačí na piest…
Malé množstvo vody…
V baniach bolo hojne uhlia, a poruke, takže nikto si nerobil starosti

A

As the steam expands it pushes a piston…
A tiny amount of water…
In the mines coal was plentiful and close at hand so nobody cared.

420
Q

Krosná a stroje na čistenie bavlny

A

Looms and gins

421
Q

Ohromné množstvo energie je uchované v rámci atómov, ako ju uvoľniť a úplne zničiť / zrušiť mestá?
Turecký kanón zdemoloval / rozdrvil steny Konštantinopolu…
Akýkoľvek druh hmoty môže byť premenený na energiu.
Atómová bomba vyhladila mestá a jadrové elektrárne zaplavili zem ako huby po daždi

A

Immense amount of energy is stored within atoms, how to release it and annihiliate [-nailejt] cities?
Turkish cannon pulverised the walls of Constantinople…
Any kind of mass could be converted into energy.
The bomb obliterated the cities and nuclear power stations mushroomed all over the globe…

422
Q

Vodotesniť strechy a premazať nápravy

A

Waterproof roofs and lubricate axles

423
Q

Tajuplné vedecké pokusy
Džin v lampe
Lusknutie prstov

A

Arcane [arkejn] scientific experiments
A genie [džíny] in a lamp
Flick the fingers

424
Q

Kariéra elektriny bola ešte prekvapivejšia

A

The career of electricity was more startling yet

425
Q

Nie je limit na množstvo energie, ktoré máme k dispozícii.
Varujú pred katastrofou ak vyčerpáme všetky dostupné fosílne palivá.

Množstvo energie uchovanej vo všetkých fosílnych palivách na zemi je zanedbateľné v porovnaní s množstvom, ktoré dávkuje slnko každý deň, zadarmo.

Jeden joul je energia, ktorú vydáš keď zdvihneš malé jablko 1 meter rovno hore.

A

There is no limit to the amout of energy at our disposal.
They warn of disaster if we exhast all avaiable fossil fuels [fosil fjuls]

The amout of energy stored in all the fossil fuels on earth is negligible [neglidžibl] compared to the amount that the sun dispenses every day, free of charge.

A joul is an energy you expend to lift a small apple one meter straight up.

426
Q

To neskoršie je najviac evidentné v sile oceánskych prílivov spôsobených gravitačnou silou mesiaca na zem.

A

The latter is most evident in the power of the ocean tides caused by the moon’s pull on the earth.

427
Q

Separovanie kovu z jeho rudy bolo extrémne náročné a drahé.
Nariadil / poveril hliníkový príbor aby bol podávaný / predkladaný jeho najvýznamnejším hosťom. Menej dôležití hostia si museli vystačiť so zlatým príborom.

Produkcia stojí pri 30 miliónoch ton ročne.
Potomkovia jeho poddaných používajú lacnú jednorázovú fóliu na odloženie svojich zvyškov (stravy).

V stredomorskom povodí si namazali olivový olej na ruky. Krém kúpený v obchode.

A

Separating the metal from its ore was extremely difficult and costly.
He commissioned aluminium cultlery to be laid out for his most distinquished quests. Less important visitors had to make do with the gold cutlery.

The production stands at 30 million tons per year.
His subjects’ descendants use cheap disposable foil to put away their lefovers.

In the Mediterranean [meditereňjn] basin [bejsin], they smeared olive oil on their hands. A cream bought at a store.

428
Q

Preto sú aj tí najväčší králi odsúdení žiť v úzkosti, neustále utekať pred smútkom a trápením a večne sa naháňať za väčšími pôžitkami.

A

Hence even the greatest kings are doomed to live in angst, constantly fleeing grief and anguish, forever chasing after greater pleasures.

429
Q

Gautama zistil, že existuje spôsob, ako z tohto bludného kruhu vystúpiť. Ak myseľ, keď zažíva niečo príjemné alebo nepríjemné, jednoducho chápe veci tak, ako sú, potom neexistuje žiadne utrpenie. Ak prežívate smútok bez toho, aby ste túžili po tom, aby smútok zmizol, naďalej pociťujete smútok, ale netrpíte ním. V smútku môže byť v skutočnosti bohatstvo. Ak prežívate radosť bez toho, aby ste túžili po tom, aby radosť pretrvávala a zosilnela, naďalej pociťujete radosť bez toho, aby ste stratili pokoj mysle.

A

Gautama found that there was a way to exit this vicious circle. If, when the mind experiences something pleasant or unpleasant, it simply understands things as they are, then there is no suffering. If you experience sadness without craving that the sadness go away, you continue to feel sadness but you do not suffer from it. There can actually be richness in the sadness. If you experience joy without craving that the joy linger and intensify, you continue to feel joy without losing your peace of mind.

430
Q

Liadok a čpavok

A

Saltpetre [soltpítr] and ammonia

431
Q

Priemyselná revolúcia priniesla nevídanú kombináciu lacnej a výdatnej energie a lacných a výdatných surovín.

Súženie vykorisťovaných uhoľných baníkov potiacich sa v útrobách zeme.

A

The Industrial Revolution yielded an unprecendented combination of cheap and abundant energy and cheap and abundant raw materials.

A plight of exploited coal miners sweating in the bowels of the Earth.

432
Q

Umožňovalo to skladovať produkty celé mesiace. Európania si začali pochutnávať na argentínskom hovädzom mäse a japonskom suši.

A

It made it possible to store produce for months. Europeans begun to dine on Argentinian beef and Japanese sushi.

433
Q

Homo Sapiens bol humanistickými náboženstvami povýšený na božského. Na hospodárske zvieratá sa prestalo pozerať ako na živé tvory, ktoré môžu cítiť bolesť a utrpenie, a namiesto toho sa začalo s nimi zaobchádzať ako so strojmi.

A

Homo Sapiens was elevated to divine status by humanist religions. Farm animals stopped being viewed as living creatures that could feel pain and distress, and instead came to be treated as machines.

434
Q

Koliesko v obrovskej výrobnej linke…
Nemá žiadny skutočný záujem o ich potreby, okrem toho, keď majú tieto potreby priamy dopad na produkciu.

A

A cog in a giant production line…
It has no intrinsic interest in their needs, except when these have direct impact on production.

435
Q

Pociťujú silné nutkanie preskúmavať svoje prostredie, zháňať potravu a zobať okolo, určovať sociálne hierarchie, stavať hniezda a šuchoriť sa.

Často dokonca nie sú schopné zatrepotať krídlami alebo stáť úplne vystreté.

A

They feel strong urges to scout their environment, forage and peck around, determine social hierarchies, build nests and groom themselves.

They are often unable even to flap their wings and stand fully erect.

436
Q

Ošípané patria medzi najinteligentnejšie a najzvedavejšie cicavce, možno hneď po ľudoopoch. Na farmách zatvárajú dojčiace prasnice do takých malých klietok, že sa doslova nemôžu otočiť, nehovoriac o chôdzi alebo hľadaní potravy.

Potomkovia sa potom odoberú na výkrm a prasnice sa oplodnia ďalším vrhom prasiatok.

A

Pigs are among the most intelligent and inquisitive of mammals, second perhaps only to the great apes. The farms confine nursing sows [ saus] inside such small crates that they are literally not able to turn around, not to mention walk or forage.

The offspings are then taken away to be fatten up and the sows are impregnated with the next litter of piglets.

437
Q

Mnohé dojnice žijú takmer všetky svoje pridelené roky vnůtri malej ohrady.

A

Many diary cows live almost all their alloted years inside a small enclosure.

438
Q

Druhá bola vyrobená z dreva potiahnutého látkou, vďaka čomu sa podobala skutočnej opičej matke, ale opičiemu mláďaťu neposkytovala materiálnu výživu žiadneho druhu. Predpokladalo sa, že mláďatá sa budú držať skôr výživnej kovovej matky ako neplodnej látkovej.

A

The other was made of wood covered with cloth, which made it resemble a real monkey mother, but it provided the infant monkey with no material sustenance whatsoever. It was assumed that the infants would cling to the nourishing metal mother rather than to the barren cloth one.

439
Q

Roľníci tvorili viac ako 90% populácie

A

The peasants comprised more than 90 % of the population

440
Q

Ponuka začala predbiehať dopyt.

A

Supply begun [bigan] to outstrip demand.

441
Q

Zbankrotujú.
Žili v podmienkach nedostatku.

A

They will go bust.
They lived under conditions of scarcity.

442
Q

Šetrnosť bola tak ich heslom.
Strohá etika
Len králi a šľachtici si dovolili verejne sa zrieknuť takýchto hodnôt a okázalo sa chváliť svojím bohatstvom.

Zaplátať staré nohavice namiesto kúpenia nových

A

Frugality was thus their watchword.
An austere ethics
Only kings and nobles allowed themselves to renounce such values publicly and conspiciously flaunt their riches.

To patch up torn trousers instead of buying a new pair.

443
Q

Stará sa / ošetruje bez výčitiek

A

Treats without remorse

444
Q

Je na ňom reklama na inú značku.

Ľudí by pravdepodobne boli takýmto textom skôr odpudzovníl než priťahovaní.
Požitkárstvo je pre vás dobré, zatiaľ čo šetrnosť je sebapotláčanie.

A

It sports an ad for another brand.

People were likely to be repelled rather than attracted by such a text.
Indulgence is good for you, whereas frugality is self-oppression.

445
Q

Obľúbená zábava
Slávnostný / vážny deň spomienky na padlých vojakov

A

A favourite pastime
A solemn day for remembering fallen soldiers

446
Q

Roľníci žili skromne, zvažujúc každú penny. Dnes sa situácia obrátila. Menej majetní sa zadlžujú

A

Peasants lived frugally, minding every penny. Today the tables have turned. The less well-heeled go into debts.

447
Q

Bol im sľúbený raj, ale len ak si vypestujú súcit a toleranciu, prekonajú túžbu a hnev a obmedzia svoje sebecké záujmy.

Dejiny etiky sú smutným príbehom nádherných myšlienok, ktoré nikto nedokáže naplniť.

A

They were promised paradise, but only if they cultivated compassion and tolerance, overcame craving and anger, and restrained their selfish interest.

The history of ethics is a sad tale of wonderful ideas that nobody can live up to.

448
Q

Ľudia vyrúbali lesy, vysušili močiare, prehradili rieky, zaplavili roviny.
Ako sa svet prispôsobil potrebám Homo sapiens, biotopy sa zničili a druhy vyhynuli.

A

Humans cut down forests, drained swamps, dammed rivers, flooded plains.
As the world was moulded to fit the needs of Homo sapiens, habitats were destroyed and species went extinct.

449
Q

Dikobraz

A

A porcupine

450
Q

Preto sú proroctvá súdneho dňa o nedostatku zdrojov pravdepodobne nemiestne. Naopak, obavy z ekologickej degradácie sú až príliš opodstatnené.

A

That’s why doomsday prophesies of resource scarcity are probably misplaced. In contrast, the fear of ecological degradation is only too well founded.

451
Q

Ekologické nepokoje môžu ohroziť prežitie samotného druhu Homo sapiens. Budúcnosť môže následne vidieť špirálovité preteky medzi ľudskou silou a prírodnými katastrofami spôsobenými človekom. Ľudia využívajú svoju moc proti silám prírody a podriaďujú ekosystém svojim potrebám a rozmarom.

A

Ecological turmoil might endanger the survival of Homo sapiens itself. The future might consequently see a spiralling race between human power and human-induced natural disasters. Humans use their power to counter the forces of nature and subjugate the ecosystem to their needs and whims.

452
Q

Potkany a šváby sú v rozkvete. Tieto húževnaté tvory by pravdepodobne vyliezli spod dymiacich trosiek jadrového armagedonu.

Decimácia spôsobená ľudstvom, dinousaury rozbíjajúci asteroid.

A

Rats and cockroaches are in their heyday. These tenacious [teneišs] creatures would probabky creep out from beneath the smoking rubble of a nuclear armageddon.

A decimation wrought by humankind, a dinousar-busting asteroid.

453
Q

Svetová populácia sa rozrástla ako nikdy predtým.

A

The world’s human population has burgeoned [b-rdžn] as never before.

454
Q

Zatiaľ čo všetci títo sapiensovia sa stali čoraz odolnejšími voči rozmarom prírody

A

While all these sapiens have grown increasingly impervious [impervi-s] to the whims of nature

455
Q

Vopred neuvážené zmeny v živote človeka a v ľudskej mentalite

A

Unpremediated changes in daily life and human mentality

456
Q

S napätím sledovali náznaky obdobia dažďov

A

They watched anxiously for portents of the rainy season

457
Q

Posväcuje presnosť a jednotnosť

Od podrážky po sponu… Ak jeden obuvník meškal do práce, ostatných to nezdržalo. Každý pracovník obsluhuje stroj… ak pracovník zaspí, zdrží to všetky ďalšie stroje. Každý musí dodržiavať presný časový harmonogram.

A

It sanctifies precision and uniformity

From sole to buckle… If one shoemaker was late for work, it did not stall the others. Every worker mans a machine… if the worker overslepts, it stalls all the other machines. Everybody must adhere to precise timetable.

458
Q

Časový plán a montážna linka sa zmenili na šablónu pre takmer všetky ľudské činnosti. Továrne vnucovali ľudskému správaniu svoje časové rámce. Dokonca aj v miestach, ktoré postrádali montážne linky a stroje, sa časový harmonogram stal kráľom.

A

The timetable and assebky line turned into a template for allmost all human activities. The factories imposed their time frames on human behaviour. Even in places devoid of assembly lines and machines, the timetable became king.

459
Q

Bizarné rozdiely v miestnych hodinách sa stali veľmi nepríjemnými.
Budu kalibrované k času Greenwich observatória…

A

The quirky differences in local hours became a severe nuisance [n(j)úsans].
They will be calibrated to Greenwich Observatory time…

460
Q

Tento skromný začiatok splodil celosvetovú sieť cestovných poriadkov.
Rozhlas a televízia sa stali jej hlavnými vykonávateľmi a evanjelizátormi. Vysielali časové signály, zvukové signály, ktoré umožnili vzdialeným osadám a lodiam na mori nastaviť si hodiny.

Big Ben odbíja jednu hodinu… a jeho zvonkohry…

A

This modest beginning spawned a global network of timetables.
The radio and TV became its main enforcers and evangelists. They broadcast time signals, beeps that enabled far-flung settlements and ships at sea to set their clocks.

Big Ben is tolling one hour… and its ding-dongs…

461
Q

Presné prenosné hodinky sa stali bežnými.

Slnečné hodiny
Jedna zámožná rodina
Pozerať sa na náramkové hodinky, zbežne pozrieť na Android, zízať na budík pri postrli, hľadiet / civieť na hodiny na stene, čumieť na mikrovlnku, zahliadnuť TV…

A

The precise portable clocks became ubiquitous.

Sundials

A single affluent family
Looking at the wristwatch,, glancing at Android, peering at alarm clock by tbe bed, gazing at clock on the wall, staring at the microwave; catching a glimps of a TV…

462
Q

Vyložíme svoju úzkosť na terapeuta, ktorý obmedzí naše bľabotanie na dnes štandardnú terapeutickú päťdesiatminútovku

A

We unload our angst on a therapist who restricts our prattle to the now standard fifty-minute therapy hour.

463
Q

Aj tie najzákladnejšie kráľovské výsady - ako sú dane a násile- radšej prenechali komunitám.

A

They preferred to cede even the most basic royal prerogatives - such as taxation and violence - to communities

464
Q

Dovoľovali, aby rodinná pomsta vykonala / vymerala / vyniesla spravodlivosť.

A

They allowed family vendettas to mete out justice

465
Q

Dane boli vyberané od komunity

A

Taxes too were levied on the community

466
Q

Mohol by ma zabiť v rámci schválenej pomsty.

A

He could kill me in sanctioned revenge.

467
Q

Ochranná raketa

Miestne malé ryby

A

Protection racket

Local small fry

468
Q

Život v lone komunity.

Ich vnútorná dynamika bola často plná napätia a násilia

A

Life in the bosom of the community

Their internal dynamics were often fraught with tension and violence

469
Q

Štát vyslal svojich hochštaplerov, aby zničili dlhotrvajúce miestne tradície a nahradili ich neustále sa meniacou komerčnou módou.

A

The state sent its hawkers to wipe out ling-lasting llocal traditions and replace them with ever changing commercial fashion.

470
Q

Hypotéka je dotovaná štátom.

A

A mortage is subsidised by a state.

471
Q

Ak sa rozhorī násilie…

A

If violence flares up…

472
Q

Ak sme niekoľko mesiacov práceneschopní (oslabení, vysilení), nastúpi sociálne zabezpečenie

A

If we are debilitated for some months, social security steps in

473
Q

Mnohí z nás dnes oplakávajú stratu silných rodín a cítia sa odcudzení a ohrození mocou, ktorú nad našimi životmi má neosobný štát a trh.

A

Many of us now bewail the loss of strong families and feel alienated and threatened by the power the impersonal state and market wield over our lives

474
Q

Nič nesvedčí o úžasnej sile kultúry lepšie.

A

Nothing testifies better to the awesome power of culture

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