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Sanjna's MCAT Flashcards > Sanjna - psych - Flashcards > Flashcards

Sanjna - psych - Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

What does each lobe in the brain do?

A

Frontal lobe, limbic system, and hypothalamus can all affect mood

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2
Q

What are the gestalt laws? give examples

A

Law of closure vs law of symmetry vs law of proximity

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3
Q

What is cortisol related to?

A

Don’t make assumptions if another answer choice states directly from passage and is less extreme

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4
Q

Give an ex of each type of emotion theory?

A

James-Lange= psysiological leads to cognitive aspects of emotion; Cannon-Bard= psysiological and cognitive are independent and at same time leads to behavior; Schachter-Singer = psysiological leads to cogntivie interpretation leads to behavior and experience

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5
Q

give an ex of cognitive dissonance

A

Cognitive dissonance = unpleasant feeling when holding two contradictory beliefs at same time

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6
Q

What are the gestalt laws? give examples

A

Law of closure vs law of symmetry vs law of proximity

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7
Q

What is cortisol related to?

A

Don’t make assumptions if another answer choice states directly from passage and is less extreme

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8
Q

Give an ex of each type of emotion theory?

A

James-Lange= psysiological leads to cognitive aspects of emotion; Cannon-Bard= psysiological and cognitive are independent and at same time leads to behavior; Schachter-Singer = psysiological leads to cogntivie interpretation leads to behavior and experience

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9
Q

give an example of each in the same scenario

A

discrimination is an action, prejudice is an attitude, stereotyping is a cognitive belief

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10
Q

what is intrinisc motivating factors and extrinsic motivating factors

A

go back into passage, don’t rush, think carefully about each answer choice especially since you are good on time for this section

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11
Q

What are the differences between these?

A

Social Influences: Compliance- direct request accepts influence, internalization vs identification, social proof

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12
Q

Would a jury having trouble deciding be what type of conflict?

A

approach -avoidant = one option has both neg and pos aspects; double approach- avoidant = two options have both neg and pos aspects

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13
Q

What is Weber’s Law?

A

Weber’s Law assert that perceptible differences are proportional to initial perception

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14
Q

give an ex of cognitive dissonance

A

Cognitive dissonance = unpleasant feeling when holding two contradictory beliefs at same time

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15
Q

construct validity = manner in which terms of study are defined; criterion validity: whether a variable is able to predict a certain outcome; external validity: generalizibility of the research beyond the study

A

construct validity = manner in which terms of study are defined; criterion validity: whether a variable is able to predict a certain outcome; external validity: generalizibility of the research beyond the study

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16
Q

If race was entirely a social construct then there should be more variability between races than within; if race is a biological then there should be less variability between than within

A

If race was entirely a social construct then there should be more variability between races than within; if race is a biological then there should be less variability between than within

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17
Q

don’t be careless; ind variable = one researchers control and change; dependent = one they measure

A

don’t be careless; ind variable = one researchers control and change; dependent = one they measure

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18
Q

give an example of each in the same scenario

A

discrimination is an action, prejudice is an attitude, stereotyping is a cognitive belief

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19
Q

what is intrinisc motivating factors and extrinsic motivating factors

A

go back into passage, don’t rush, think carefully about each answer choice especially since you are good on time for this section

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20
Q

What are the differences between these?

A

Social Influences: Compliance- direct request accepts influence, internalization vs identification, social proof

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21
Q

Would a jury having trouble deciding be what type of conflict?

A

approach -avoidant = one option has both neg and pos aspects; double approach- avoidant = two options have both neg and pos aspects

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22
Q

read passage over when asked about a procedure

A

read passage over when asked about a procedure

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23
Q

What are the piaget stages of development?

A

sensorimotor (0-2); preoperational (2-7 yr); concrete operational (7-11 yr); formal operational (12 plus)

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24
Q

What is structural strain, differential association and labeling thoery?

A

functionalist theories = social strat is necessary and results from the need

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25
Q

What underlies conflict theory?

A

conflict theory asserts that bias and inequality are underlying aspects of education

26
Q

What are the differences between folkways and mores?

A

folkways = behavior norms that govern everyday behavior but have less of cosequences; mores = informal norms that if broken can result in severe social sanctions ; deviance = breaking a social norm

27
Q

make sure you can defend the answer you choose

A

make sure you can defend the answer you choose

28
Q

what does fMRI track?

A

fMRI can track brain regions, not structural MRI

29
Q

read the hypothesis and pick any info that would prove it right

A

read the hypothesis and pick any info that would prove it right

30
Q

What age is initative vs guilt? What age is industry vs inferiory?

A

trust vs mistrust (0-1), autonomy vs shame/doubt (1-3), initiative vs guilt (3-6), industry vs inferiority (6-12), identity vs role confusion (12-20), intimacy vs isolation (20-40), generavity vs stagnation (45-60), ego integrity vs despari (65 +)

31
Q

the methods were not comapred and they did not talk about efficiency

A

the methods were not comapred and they did not talk about efficiency

32
Q

What is positive reinforcement?

A

operant conditioning = shaping behavior; only condition where participants are given a reward after a behavior

33
Q

What is general adaption syndrome??

A

sympathetic system release doesn’t have impact on complex cognitive decision making but general adaption syndrome does because it relates all of body’s responses to long term and short term stress

34
Q

What is the house money effect? What is the gambler’s fallacy?

A

house money effect = risk taking behavior is affected by prior gains and losses; gambler’s fallacy = after somethign occurs more frequenty during a period of time ppl think that it will stop happening as frequenty

35
Q

What is anomie?

A

anomie = ppl who have experienced less social values are less likely to behave in ways that are helpful to tha society = society feeling fragmented and uncohesive

36
Q

reciprocal determinsim = person’s behavior both influences and is influced by personal factors and the environment

A

reciprocal determinsim = person’s behavior both influences and is influced by personal factors and the environment

37
Q

clinical = having a condition medically

A

clinical = having a condition medically

38
Q

details matter- read graph headings

A

details matter- read graph headings

39
Q

What is the difference between intragenerational and intergenerational?

A

intragenerational = movement within a generation;intergenerational = movement between generations

40
Q

What is a correlation of .5 mean for social sciences vs physical scienes?

A

r value of .5 is considered strong for social sciences but not physical sciences

41
Q

what are factors that can influence epigenetics?

A

epigenetics = inheribtable phenotypic changes involving mechanisms other than alteration of genome itself

42
Q

What are relapse prevention strategies?

A

Self-monitoring is a long-term strategy that usually involves self-reflection and taking regular notes on your behavior, thoughts, and attitudes over time. Psychoeducation = providing knowledge about a topic. Relapse prevention examples are coping strategies and peer support

43
Q

What is prescriptive vs descriptive in sociology?

A

prescriptive = what an indv believes should happen; descriptive = what is actually happening

44
Q

What does a p value lower than .05 mean?

A

p value greater than .05 means test is not statistically significant

45
Q

what is differnece between projection and displacement?

A

projection = taking feelings that you feel toward yourself and projecting it onto another thing

46
Q

What is personal constructs?

A

primacy effect can translate into more situations than just recalling words; ex. making first impressions judgements

47
Q

Would remembering how to draw something be an example of procedural memory?

A

The cerebellum is responsible for motor functions and some memory of those functions.

48
Q

What is assimilation vs aculturation?

A

Assimilation can be slowed by the development of cultural or ethnic enclaves, that is, neighborhoods or areas with a high concentration of people from one distinct culture or ethnicity.

49
Q

What is social constructionism theory?

A

Social construction theory views human activity as consisting of human creations made through countless individual human choices and through interactions, primarily mediated through language. The theory does not hold that things exist in a universal sense outside of their historical context

50
Q

what is confirmation bias? What are characteristics of group think?

A

individuals ideas don’t become more similar in confirmation bias; that is the def of groupthink

51
Q

trust your gut

A

trust your gut

52
Q

read closely

A

read closely

53
Q

What is the difference between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli?

A

conditioned stimuli = associated with something

54
Q

What are the obstancles with experimental studies?

A

hard to manipulate certain variables, think of ethical issues too

55
Q

What is the actor observer bias?

A

actor observer bias : people tend to view themselves as having situational attributes and view others with dispositional attributes

56
Q

What is habitution vs dishabituation? What is stimulus generalization?

A

habituation vs dishabituation and stimulus generalization; look closely for what experimenter is actually testing

57
Q

What is compliance similar to?

A

compliance is similar to obidience

58
Q

What do you need to do to test for intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation?

A

use process of elimination

59
Q

What type of drugs have lowest risk of dependence?

A

hallucinogens have low risk of dependence; stimulants, sedatives both have moderate to high risk

60
Q

Give an example of how a participant can act as their own control?

A

participants who fill out a survey on same thing before and after are acting as their own controls

61
Q

What is groupthink?

A

encouraging dissent and critical evaluation can decrease groupthink

62
Q

What consititues emotional intelligence?

A

emotionally intelligent people can delay gratification

Sanjna's MCAT Flashcards (4 decks)

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