Sampling

Question 1

what is sampling

Answer 1

method of choosing participants for a study

Question 2

target population

accessible population

representative sample

Answer 2

TP: people with the characteristics you are looking for

AP: the portion of the TP that the sample is selected from

RS: sample that accurately reflects the AP

Question 3

sampling bias

Answer 3

sample that over/underepresents any # of attributes of the AP

Question 4

sampling criteria: inclusion criteria

Answer 4

characteristics that the prospective subjects must have to be included in the research study

Question 5

sampling criteria: exclusion criteria

Answer 5

characteristics that disqualify prospective subjects from participating in the research study

Question 6

sampling methods: probability

Answer 6

• equal chance of being selected
• requires identifying the AP first, and then random sampling
• theoretically eliminates bias

Question 7

sampling methods: non probability

Answer 7

not always possible to choose sample at random

-can’t assume sample represents the population =sampling bias

Question 8

types of probability sampling methods: simple random sampling

Answer 8

identify AP and select participants based on random number

Question 9

types of probability sampling methods: systematic sampling

Answer 9

choose a sample interval, such as every 5th person on a list, with the starting position chosen at random

Question 10

types of probability sampling methods: stratified random sampling

Answer 10

identify subgroups based on relevant population characteristics and randomly sample from the subgroups
-need to ensure that the proportions of each subgroups represented in the sample reflects the proportions of the overall population

Question 11

types of non-probability sampling methods: convenience sampling

Answer 11

based on ease of accessibility

Question 12

types of non-probability sampling methods: snowballing sampling

Answer 12

participants identify other potential participants

Question 13

types of non-probability sampling methods: purposive sampling

Answer 13

handpick participants based on criteria

Question 14

types of non-probability sampling methods: quota sampling

Answer 14

• relevant characteristics used to group the sample
• try to create a sample that is representative of the whole populations; not necessarily representative b/c only certain attributes are taken into account
• good for examining a specific subgroup