sampling Flashcards
what is the population?
people that the researcher is interested in
what is a sample?
smaller group from the population
What is generalisation?
sample drawn should be representative of population so generalisations can be made
what is bias?
majority sample biased because groups may be over or under represented
what is opportunity sample?
- people who are the most available (nearest/easiest)
- ask people nearby
evaluation of opportunity sample?
+ simple and quickest
- biased as unrepresentative of the target population
what is volunteer sample?
- participants select themselves
- advertisements
evaluation of volunteer sample?
+ potentially unbiased as the researcher has no influence (no research bias)
- representation still not guaranteed (no generalize)
what is random sample?
- every people has equal chance of being selected
- lottery method out of hat or computer programme
evaluation of random sample?
+ unbiased makes it an objective method
- takes time and effort
what is stratified sample?
- selected according to frequency of target population
- subgroups/strata identified (like gender) and relative percentages of these groups are reflected
evaluation of stratified sample?
+ representative method (generalisability more likely)
- stratification not perfect as it cant reflect all the ways people are different
