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Biology-Biodiversity > Sampling > Flashcards

Sampling Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sampling used for?

A

Measure biodiversity

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2
Q

Why do we use sampling?

A

As it would be too time consuming to count each individual in a habitat

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3
Q

What do we do instead ?

A

So we can take a sample of the population which we can then make estimates of the whole habitat based on the sample.

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4
Q

What is the first step in sampling?

A

Chose an area to sample (small area with habitat)

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5
Q

What is the second step in sampling?

A

Count the number of individuals of each species

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6
Q

What is the third step in sampling?

A

Repeat the process and take as many samples as possible (at least 10)

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7
Q

What does this increase?

A

The vailidity

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8
Q

What is the fourth step in sampling?

A

Use results to estimate total number of individuals or total number of different species or both

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9
Q

What is the fifth step in sampling?

A

When comparing different habitats, use the same sampling techniques

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10
Q

Why do we use the same sampling techniques?

A

To increase validity

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11
Q

What two types of sampling?

A

Random or non-random

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12
Q

Why do we use random sampling?

A

to avoid bias

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13
Q

What is an example of random sampling?

A

On a field create grid and generate random coordinates

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14
Q

How many types of non-random sampling are there?

A

3

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15
Q

What are the 3 types of non-random sampling?

A

-Systematic
-Opportunistic
-Stratified

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16
Q

What is systematic sampling?

A

When samples are taken at fixed intervals often along a line
(transect)

17
Q

What is opportunistic sampling?

A

Samples chosen by investigator-the data will be biased

18
Q

What is stratified sampling?

A

Different areas in a habitat are identified and samples separately in proportion to their part of the habitat as a whole.

19
Q

How can wind speed be measured?

A

Anemometer

20
Q

How can light intensity be measured?

A

Light meter

21
Q

How can relative humidity be measured?

A

Humidity sensor

22
Q

How can pH be measured?

A

pH probe

23
Q

How can temperature be measured?

A

temperature probe

24
Q

How can oxygen content in water be measured?

A

Dissolved oxygen probe

25
Q

How can we sample crawling ground insects?

A

Use pitfall trap or a pooter

26
Q

How can we sample small organisms in soil or leaf litter?

A

Use Tullgren funnel

27
Q

How can we sample aquatic organisms?

A

Kick sampling

28
Q

How can we samples organisms in long grass?

A

Sweep netting

29
Q

What can quadrats be used for?

A

For random sampling and can be used alongside transects

30
Q

What are the 2 types of quadrats?

A

-Point
-Frame

Biology-Biodiversity (8 decks)

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