Samples And Populations

Question 1

What are the different types of sampling?

Answer 1

Systematic - analyse every nth individual
Stratified - sample separately from a number of groups of interest
Cluster - split population into groups and analyse them in entirety
Convenience - sample what is available e.g. Volunteer
Random - each individual has an equal chance of being in the sample

Question 2

What are some aspects of polling errors?

Answer 2

Margin of error; usually expressed with confidence interval, larger samples reduce the margin for error but generally require more money/effort/time

Question 3

What are some qualities of sampling errors?

Answer 3

Non-response bias

Response bias

Question 4

What are WEIRD participants?

Answer 4

Western
Educated
Industrialised
Rich
Democratic

Question 5

What is the Muller-Lyer illusion?

Answer 5

That two lines are different lengths when one has arrows point outward instead of inward

Question 6

What are some assumptions that occur in sampling?

Answer 6

Properties in sample reflect properties in population

This is why we use data from samples to infer measures for the population

Question 7

What is the central limit theorem?

Answer 7

Estimates from large enough samples will form a normal distribution
Values close to the actual mean will be most common - extremely low or high value will be more rare

Question 8

What are confidence intervals?

Answer 8

They express the likelihood that the true value lies with a certain region