Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Extremities > Sample Q&A Elbow, hand, wrist > Flashcards

Sample Q&A Elbow, hand, wrist Flashcards

1
Q

allen’s test

A

tests the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

positive allen’s test

A

delay in refill of the hand (greater than 5 seconds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

indication of allen’s test

A

loss of patency of the artery being tested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

possible causes of allen’s

A

subluxation, raynaud’s, old fracture, scar tissue, TOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

positive finklestein’s

A
  1. unable to bring thumb across and/or muscle wasting

2. pain along the radila side of the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

indications for finklestein’s

A
  1. ulnar nerve palsy

2. stenosing tenosynovitis of DeQuervain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

differential diagnoses for finklestein’s

A

scaphoid fracture, carpal subluxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

treatment for positive Finkelstien’s

A

ice, biomechanical correction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what tendons make up tunnel of dequervain?

A

extensor pollicis brevis

abductor pollicis longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are some causes of ulnar nerve palsy?

A

trauma to the ulnar nerve, elbow subluxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

froment’s positive

A

patient’s thumb flexes in order to hand onto the paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

indication for positive froment’s

A

ulnar nerve palsy.

by flexing the thumb the patient recruits the median nerve in order to hand to the paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

most important thing to do for froment’s during a practical?

A

doctor should make sure that they could visualize the patient’s thumb. they must be able to see if the patient flexes the thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what ways are there to verify a positive froment’s

A

look for thenar or hypo-thenar muscle wasting; loss of strength in muscle tests, or utilize EMG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

english test

A

remember to occlude the arteries before pumping the hand (hold for 6- seconds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

positive english

A

upon removing the arterial occlusion the symptoms of CTS are reproduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

indication for positive english

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

two reasons english test works

A

hypoxia, pooling of blood around the carpal tunnel increases presure on the median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when will you most often see a positive reaction in english test?

A

when you release the blood supply after it has already pooled (at the end)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

phalen’s test

A

hold position for up to a minut (if symptoms occur before one minute, stop test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

positive phalen’s

A

reproduction of the symptoms of CTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

indication for positive phalen’s

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tinel tap test

A

perform for 10 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

positive tinel tap

A

reproduction of the symptoms of CTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

indication for tinel tap

A

capral tunnel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

differential diagnoses for CTS

A 
cervical subluxation
pronator nerest syndrome
elbow sulbuxation
shoulder subluxation
TOS
raynaud's
tenosynovitis of dequervain
ulnar nerve palsy
radila nerve palsy
fractures
trigger  points on the thumb for stomach and liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms

A

pain
paresthesia
numbness and tinglig in median nerve distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the length of time for performing the english test

A

hold up for a minute or if CTS symptoms appear before the minute is up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

name two tests to verify a psotivie tinel tap

A

tests that could verify are phalen’s and english

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is the direction of carpal misalignment in CTS?

A

anterior lunate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

is the lunate usually hypermobile or hypomobile in CTS?

A

lunate is usually hypermobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what makes up the carpal tunnel

A

lunate at the posterior aspect and the transverse carpal ligament at the anteiror aspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what are the contents of the carpal tunnel

A

9 flexor tenodns and the median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

the adjusting move of choice for CTS

A

wrist traction, FLEXION ONLY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

best CTS post check

A

repeat the orthopedic tests that were positve on the pre-check

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

which CTS test would you not do as a post check and why?

A

don’t do reverse phalen’s, it would drive lunate anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

what would you do after treating CTS?

A

after adjustment, brace or support the wrist then strengthening exercises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What procedure should the doctor perform to help differentially diagnose with a positive cozen or mill’s test?

A

palpate for tenderness

palpate to differntiate whether the pain is over the radial head or lateral epidondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what treamtent protocol would you perform for a lateral epicondylitis?

A

correct any biomechanical dysfunction, protect, ice the swelling, wear counter force armband, and change activities for the elbow as this alters the fulcrum for extension so ti’s not directly over the alteral epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

postive cozen’s

A

pain over the lateral epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

indication for positive cozen’s

A

lateral epicondylitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

positive mill’s

A

pain over lateral epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

indication for positve mill’s

A

lateral epicondylitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

if lift test is postive what wouldthe doctor utuilze to help differentially diangose the cause of the finding?

A

positive- pain over epicondyle

indication- epicondylitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

postive lift test in pronation?

A

pain over lateral epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

indication for positive lift test in pronation

A

lateral epicondyliits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

if lift test was done in pronation, what else should you look for?

A

possible radius P with pain over radial head and decreased radila fluid motion

48
Q

positive lift test in supination

A

pain over medial epicondyle

49
Q

indication for postive lift test in supination

A

medial epicondylitis

50
Q

if lift test was done in supination, what should you look for?

A

ulna P with pain 1-1.5 inches distal to the medial epicondyle, and decreased fluid motion
look for possible ulna PM with pain over the olecranon fossa area, and decreased fluid mmotion

51
Q

positive adson’s

A

decrease in radial pulse amplitue (or absence of radial pulse)

52
Q

indication for postive adson’s

A 
scalenus anticus syndrome
pressure on the subclavian artery and brachial plexus 
between the scalenus anticus
scalenus medius
1st rib
53
Q

how long do you palpate the radial artery when performing Adon’s

A

from 10-20 seconds, enough to decide if the pulse volume has changed

54
Q

scalenus anticus syndrome is usually caused by?

A

subluxation

55
Q

What do you do for a patient with scalenus anticus syndrome?

A

adjust the subluxation, use moist heat to relax muscles and stretch

56
Q

what diangosis si suspected with a psitive adson’t when the head is turned away from the side being palpated?

A

may be scalenus medius syndrome or a cervical rib

57
Q

is a cerivcal rib that causes loss of patency acute or chonic

A

usually acute exacerbation, because bone will normally modify away from the artery

58
Q

positive eden’s

A

decrease inradial pulse amplitude (or absence of radila pulse

59
Q

indication for postive eden’s

A

costoclavicular syndrome (TOS)

60
Q

how to treat for a postive eden’s test?

A

determine if it is due to muscle guarding often a hypertonic pectoralis major, which needs to be stretched out
could also be a cervical, thoracic or rib that is subluxated

61
Q

what questions might you ask a patient that has eden’s test postivie?

A

do they carry a backpack or heavy objects in front of them at work?
have they ever had an accident with the seatbelt on, fractured or dislocated their clavicle, or had shoulder problems?

62
Q

positive wright’s

A

decrease in radial pulse amplitude (or absence of radial pulse)

63
Q

indication of postive wright’s

A

hyperabduction syndrome (TOS)

64
Q

what constitutes a positive wright’s test?

A

a 10-15 degree difference in left vs right arm abduction

you’re coparing where you lose the palpabe radial pulse from one arm to another

65
Q

what is the most common muscle involed witha positive wright’s?

A

pec minor

66
Q

what causes the pec minor to be shortened ro go into contracture?

A

cervical subluxation, subacromial bursitis, rolled posture, other types of TOS

67
Q

which 3 subluxations would elbow traction work well for?

A

ulna P
ulna PM
radius P

68
Q

what subluxation would elbow traction be most effective for?

A

ulna P

69
Q

how would you post check elbow traction?

A

check the fluid motion that was lost in the pre-check; look for diminished pain point, and improved elbow extension ROM

70
Q

when adjusting elbow subluxations when would you supinate and when would you pronate?

A

you would pronate for radius P and supinate for ulna P and ulna PM

71
Q

What is the CP for radius P?

A

tip of thumb

72
Q

what ROM are utilized during the radius P procedure?

A

full extension and full pronation

73
Q

what is the pain point for radius P

A

right over the head of the radius

74
Q

what are some differential diagnoses for radius P?

A

lateral epicondylitis, cervical subluxation (C5-6 area)

75
Q

what ROM is decreased with radius P?

A

pronation

76
Q

what subluxation might mimic the symptoms of lateral epicondylitis?

A

radius P

77
Q

what is the pain point for ulna P?

A

1-1 1/2 inches distal to the medial epicondyle

78
Q

what ROM are utilized during the ulna PM procedure?

A

supination and extension

79
Q

what is the pain point for ulna PM?

A

olecranon fossa area

80
Q

what is the major LOD for ulna PM?

A

P-A even though the DC and SCP are on the medial side of the arm

81
Q

what ROM is deceased with ulna P and PM?

A

extension

82
Q

what is the most common direction for the carpals to misalign?

A

posterior

83
Q

what is the best post check for wrist traction?

A

fluid motion between carpals that were adjusted

84
Q

where is the pain point for wrist traction?

A

right over the carpal that is misaligned

85
Q

what are you stabilization hand fingers stabilizing the capitate STH?

A

proximal row of carpals

86
Q

what ROMdo you tak the patient’s hand through while performing scaphoid DTH?

A

extension and radila deviation

87
Q

what carpals do you test the scaphoid against for fluid motion?

A

trapezium, trapezoid, lunate

88
Q

what are som differential diagnoses for a trapezium-scaphoid subluxation?

A

scaphoid fracture, DJD, stenosing tenosynovitis of dequervain, subluxation of scapho-lunate, trapezium 1st metacarpal

89
Q

how would you differentiate the diagnostic possiblilities for a trapezium-scaphoid subluxation?

A

for the subluxation, you’d perform fluid motion, check pain points, utilize information from the case history, and xray.
for DJD, check xray and perform lab tests to differentiate the type of arthritis.
for stenosing tenosynovitis of dequervain perform finklestein’s.
for a scaphoid fracture xray, wait 10 days then xray again

90
Q

is ther a difference between DJD and arthritis?

A

arthritis has inflammation, therefore you’d want to deal with any swelling befor adjusting to improve motion

91
Q

what differnetila diagnoses should be ruled out before adjusting a scaphoid?

A

check for scaphoid fracture, radial styloid fracture, stenosing tenosynovitis of dequervain, other carpal subluxations, etc

92
Q

name the wrist adjusting procedures from lead to most invasive

A

wrist traction, STH, DTH

93
Q

the lunate usually misaligns in which direction?

A

posterior

94
Q

in CTS the lunate usually misaligns in which direction?

A

anterior

95
Q

which arpal is most common wrist subluxation?

A

lunate

96
Q

what carpal is the 2nd most common wrist subluxation?

A

capitate

97
Q

wich carpal is the 3rd most common wrist subluxation?

A

scaphoid

98
Q

is the posterior lunate misalignemtn hypermobil or hypo mobile?

A

hypomobile

99
Q

describe wrist traction maneuver CTS

A

traction S-I, flex

return to neutral

100
Q

describe wrist traction maneuver for subluxation of a capal

A

traction S-I, flex, extend, return to neutral, release

101
Q

what would be the move of choice when fluid motion is lost between scaphoid and lunate?

A

traction (transverse/horizontal) would be the move of choice, then STH, then DTH)

102
Q

describe the scaphoid STH procedure

A

traction, extend and radially deviate

103
Q

when is it very important to be sure of when perfomring the scaphoid DTH?

A

that all fingers are stabilizing the carapls aorund the scaphoid

104
Q

what stabilizes the radius duing the scaphoid DTH?

A

patient’s own body weight

105
Q

how would you perform wrist raction iwth a hypermibile anterior lunate?

A

traction S-I, flexion, return to neutral (DO NOT EXTEND)

106
Q

where is the pain point for CMC joints

A

right over the joint

107
Q

what direction does the 2nd CMC sulbuxated?

A

rotationally

108
Q

how can a first metacarpal subluxation be identified?

A

look for loss of fluid motion, joint tenderness at the CMC joint, and a case history of jammed thumb, etc

109
Q

which ROM is the most prevalent at the metacarpal-carpal joints?

A

rotation (hand cupping), not much in extension or flexion

110
Q

what are some differntila diagnoses for a CMC 1st subluxation?

A

scaphoid subluxation, scpahoid fracture, trapezium fracture, stenosing tenosynovitis of dequervain, median nerve disturbance

111
Q

what is the best way to post check the 2nd CMC

A

fluid motion

112
Q

which one f the CMC 2-5 would be the most mobile?

A

5th CMC

113
Q

how would you determine a CMC2-5 subluxation?

A

stabilize the distal row of carpals and rotate each metacarpal (relative to it’s adjacent carpal) to see if they have fludi motion. pain over CMC joint.
a case history with possibly a blow to the area, use of power tools, area was stepped on, a cast was recently removed, etc

114
Q

what are normal ROMs for MCP and IP joints of the hand?

A

they should have glide from P-A and A-P as well as rotation

115
Q

what type of joint pathologies would you perform MCP and IP traction for?

A

you would adjust the MCP and IP joints with traction for subluxation, jammed fingers, arthritic fingers, DJD, etc

116
Q

what types of joint pathologies are MCP and IP traction good for?

A

any joint fixation, subluxation or dislocation, jammed finger, arthridities, DJD

Extremities (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions