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Small animal > SAM anaesthesia part 2 > Flashcards

SAM anaesthesia part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

oxygen bypass. pick the false answer
A. Emergency option
B. Concentration of inhalational anesthetic in the circuit can be quickly reduced
C. Pure O2 can directly enter the circuit
D. The bypass rate is controlled by the flowmeter

A

D. The bypass rate is controlled by the flowmeter

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2
Q 
optimal breathing tubes are.. pick the false answer
A. Ribbed
B. Short
C. Wide
D. Blue
A

D.Blue

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3
Q 
Optimal size of the reservoir bag is…
A. The respiratory volume
B. 2 times the respiratory volume
C. 5 times the respiratory volume
D. 10 time the respiratory volume
A

C5 times the respiratory volume

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4
Q 
The absorbent canister is part of the… Pick the false answer
A. Open system
B. Semi-open system
C. Semi-open and semi-closed systems
D. Semi-closed and closed systems
A

D. Semi-closed and closed systems

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5
Q

CO2 absorption. Pick the false answer
A. The absorbent canister contains absorbing soda
B. The absorbing soda granules have rough surface
C. The absorbing soda granules consist of Mg-hydroxide
D. Exhaustion of the soda is indicated by discoloration

A

C. The absorbing soda granules consist of Mg-hydroxide

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6
Q

The pop-off valve (Adjustable Pressure Limiting valve)… Pick the false answer
A. Prevents excessive pressure in the circuit and lungs
B. Is open during spontaneous breathing
C. Is set to 20 cmH2O during manual or mechanical ventilation
D. Is set to 40 cmH2O in case of compromised lung

A

D. Is set to 40 cmH2O in case of compromised lung

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7
Q

Advantages of semi-open narcosis systems. Pick the false answer
A. Low resistance
B. Small mechanical dead space
C. Anesthetic concentration can be quickly modified
D. Large anesthetic consumption

A

D. Large anesthetic consumption

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8
Q

Advantages of closed narcosis systems. Pick the false answer
A. Low source gas consumption
B. Low inhalational anesthetic consumption
C. Cheap
D. Easily controllable depth of anesthesia

A

D. Easily controllable depth of anesthesia

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9
Q 
Narcosis systems. Pick the false answer
A. Open circuit
B. Semi-open system
C. Semi-closed circuit
D. Closed circuit
A

A. Open circuit

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10
Q

Indications for mechanical ventilation. Pick the false answer
A. Open thorax
B. Neuromuscular blockade
C. Hypoventilation caused by severe hypothermia
D. Decreased etCO2 level

A

?

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11
Q

IPPV (Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation). Pick the false answer
A. Commonly used type of mechanical ventilation
B. Airway pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure during inspiration
C. Airway pressure falls to atmospheric pressure during passive expiration
D. Can not be used in large dogs

A

A. Commonly used type of mechanical ventilation

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12
Q 
Physiological dead space means…
A. Anatomical dead space
B. Anatomical + alveolar dead space
C. Alveolar dead space
D. Anatomical + apparatus dead space
A

B. Anatomical + alveolar dead space

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13
Q

Inspiration. Pick the false answer
A. Spontaneous inspiration is caused by decreasing interpleural pressure
B. IPPV inspiration is caused by increasing interpleural pressure
C. Expiration is spontaneous in both cases
D. IPPV expiration is caused by negative interpleural pressure

A

D. IPPV expiration is caused by negative interpleural pressure

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14
Q

CNS effects of IPPV. Pick the false answer
A. Controlled hyperventilation reduces CO2 level in the blood
B. Reduced CO2 level causes arterial vasoconstriction
C. Arterial vasoconstriction decreases intracranial pressure
D. Severely decreased intracranial pressure supports cerebral oxygenation

A

D. Severely decreased intracranial pressure supports cerebral oxygenation

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15
Q

CNS effects of IPPV. Pick the false answer
A. Controlled hyperventilation reduces CO2 level in the blood
B. Reduced CO2 level causes arterial vasoconstriction
C. Arterial vasoconstriction decreases intracranial pressure
D. Severely decreased intracranial pressure supports cerebral oxygenation

A

D. Severely decreased intracranial pressure supports cerebral oxygenation

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16
Q

Volume-controlled time-cycled mechanical ventilation. Pick the false answer
A. Common in veterinary anesthesia
B. Constant flow during inspiration
C. Inspiratory pressure decreases during ispiration to maintain constant flow
D. Inspiratory phase ends after preset inspiratory tim

A

C. Inspiratory pressure decreases during ispiration to maintain constant flow

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17
Q 
Triggering types (initiation of inspiratory phase). Pick the false answer
A. Time
B. Pressure
C. Flow
D. Concentration
A

D. Concentration

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18
Q

Parameters of ventilation. Pick the false answer
A. Tidal volume: 10–15 ml/bwkg
B. Respiratory rate: 80–100/min
C. Inhalation / exhalation time ratio: 1:2–1:3
D. Target values: 35–45 mmHg etCO2 and 100% SpO2

A

B. Respiratory rate: 80–100/min

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19
Q 
Blood pressure measuring methods. Pick the false answer
A. Femoral pulse quality evaluation
B. Invasive direct
C. Noninvasive doppler
D. Noninvasive oscillometri
A

A. Femoral pulse quality evaluation

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20
Q

Blood pressure measurement at right atrial height
A. Measured lower, the value will be higher
B. Measured higher, the value will be lower
C. 10 cm height difference results in a deviation of 7.36 mmHg
D. 10 cm height difference results in a deviation of 73.6 mmHg

A

C. 10 cm height difference results in a deviation of 7.36 mmHg

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21
Q

Cuff size for BP measuring. Pick the false answer
A. Patients of different sizes require different sizes of cuffs
B. Optimal cuff’s with is 40% of leg’s circumference
C. Optimal cuff’s with is 140% of leg’s circumference
D. Wider cuff produces lower BP value and vica versa

A

C. Optimal cuff’s with is 140% of leg’s circumference

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22
Q

The MAP (mean arterial pressure) is…
A. Average of the systolic and diastolic values
B. Rarely lower than diastolic pressure
C. Closer to diastolic pressure than to systolic pressure
D. Closer to systolic pressure than to diastolic pressure

A

C. Closer to diastolic pressure than to systolic pressure

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23
Q 
Urine production during general anesthesia
A. 0.1-0.2 ml/bwkg/h
B. 1-2 ml/bwkg/h
C. 10-20 ml/bwkg/h
D. 100-200 ml/bwkg/h
A

B. 1-2 ml/bwkg/h

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24
Q 
Pulse oximetry. Pick the false answer
A. Noninvasive method
B. Continuous measurement
C. Measurement of O2-saturation of Hb (%)
D. The target value is 89%
A

D. The target value is 89%

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25
Q

Pulse oximetry. Pick the false answer
A. Physiological range of oxygen saturation: 35–45 mmHg
B. Sensor can be placed on tongue, ear etc.
C. In case of transmission-type sensors one side emits, while the other detects light
D. Absorption depends on oxyHb/desoxyHb ratio

A

A. Physiological range of oxygen saturation: 35–45 mmHg

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26
Q 
Most pulse oximeters display
A. Signal strength
B. Saturation and pulse frequency
C. Plethysmogram
D. Ratio of abnormal/normal hemoglobin types
A

D. Ratio of abnormal/normal hemoglobin types

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27
Q 
Correlation between paO2 and SpO2
A. Positive correlation
B. Negative correlation
C. Can be shown with sigmoid curve
D. Small changes in SpO2 are caused by large changes of paO2 (in the physiological rang
A

C. Can be shown with sigmoid curve

28
Q

Causes of malfunction of pulse oximeter. Pick the false answer
A. Strong pulse
B. Total light absorption
C. Improper contact
D. Interference with electrosurgical devices

A

A. Strong pulse

29
Q

Capnometry. Pick the false answer
A. Physiological range of etCO2: 35–45 mmHg
B. Capnogram may be divided into 4 phases
C. In case of hypoventilation etCO2 decreases
D. Exhausted CO2 absorbent soda lime increases inhaled CO2 level

A

C. In case of hypoventilation etCO2 decreases

30
Q

Correlation of paCO2 and etCO2. Pick the false answer
A. Positive correlation
B. Negative correlation
C. PaCO2 > etCO2
D. The difference in small animals is 2-5 mmHg

A

B. Negative correlation

31
Q 
Capnograph types
A. Side-flow and main-flow measuring
B. Left-sided and right-sided measuring
C. Low-flow and high-flow measuring
D. Mono-flow and multi-flow measuring
A

A. Side-flow and main-flow measuring

32
Q

Capnogram phases
A. Phase I (inhalation), Phase II (exhalation begins), Phase III (exhalation ends), Phase IV (inhalation
begins)
B. Phase I (exhalation begins), Phase II (exhalation ends), Phase III (inhalation begins), Phase IV
(inhalation)
C. Phase I (exhalation ends), Phase II (inhalation begins), Phase III (inhalation), Phase IV (exhalation
begins)
D. Phase I (inhalation begins), Phase II (inhalation), Phase III (exhalation begins), Phase IV (exhalation
ends)

A

A. Phase I (inhalation), Phase II (exhalation begins), Phase III (exhalation ends), Phase IV (inhalation
begins)

33
Q

Causes of decreasing etCO2. Pick the false answer
A. Acute respiratory distress (e.g. hyperventilation)
B. Acute respiratory distress (e.g. hypoventilation)
C. Acute circulatory distress (e.g. decreased heart minute volume)
D. Acute metabolic distress

A

B. Acute respiratory distress (e.g. hypoventilation)

34
Q

Causes of zero etCO2 on the capnograph’s display. Pick the false answer
A. Capnograph performs calibration (calibration message is displayed)
B. Cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest
C. Tube malposition, disconnection
D. Capnoperitoneum (endoscopy)

A

D. Capnoperitoneum (endoscopy)

35
Q

Causes of rebreathed CO2. Pick the false answer
A. High flow in semi-open nonrebreathing system
B. Exhausted soda lime
C. Stucked one-way valves
D. Large dead space

A

A. High flow in semi-open nonrebreathing system

36
Q 
Core-temperature can be measured with… Pick the false answer
A. Pharingeal probes
B. Esophageal probes
C. Rectal probes
D. Thermocamera
A

D. Thermocamera

37
Q 
Warming hypothermic patient. Pick the false answer
A. Heating pads
B. Infrared lamps
C. Covers and heat mirrors
D. Hot IV infusion
A

D. Hot IV infusion

38
Q 
Close control of blood glucose level is needed in… Pick the false answer
A. Very small or young patients
B. Acute trauma and shock patients
C. Cachectic or weak patients
D. Diabetic or insulinoma patients
A

B. Acute trauma and shock patients

39
Q 
Monitoring of anesthetized patients involves assessment of… Pick the false answer
A. The stage of narcosis
B. Pain markers
C. Patient’s parameters
D. Owner’s consent
A

D. Owner’s consent

40
Q 
Mixing part of anesthesia machine. Pick the false answer
A. Gas source
B. Flowmeter
C. Vaporizer
D. One-way valves
A

D. One-way valves

41
Q 
Breathing circuit of anesthesia machine. Pick the false answer
A. „Y”-piece
B. Reservoir bag
C. Oxygen bypass button
D. CO2 absorbent canister
A

C. Oxygen bypass button

42
Q 
Mixing system
A. 1
B. 1+2
C. 3
D. 7
A

B. 1+2

43
Q 
High-pressure part of the mixing system
A. 1
B. 2
C. 1+2
D. 5
A

A. 1

44
Q 
Low-pressure part of the mixing system
A. 1
B. 2
C. 1+3
D. 3
A

B. 2

45
Q 
Breathing circuit
A. 2+3
B. 3
C. 12+14
D. 9
A

B. 3

46
Q 
Gas source
A. 7
B. 4
C. 6
D. 13
A

B. 4

47
Q 
Gas source
A. 7
B. 4
C. 6
D. 13
A

B. 4

48
Q 
Pressure regulator
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
A

A. 5

49
Q 
Oxygen bypass
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 15
A

B. 6

50
Q 
Flowmeter
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
A

C. 7

51
Q 
Vaporizer
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
A

D. 8

52
Q 
Reservoir bag
A. 8
B. 9
C. 10
D. 11
A

B. 9

53
Q 
Absorbent canister
A. 6
B. 8
C. 10
D. 15
A

C. 10

54
Q 
Inspiratory one-way valve
A. 5
B. 15
C. 12
D. 14
A

C. 12

55
Q 
Expiratory one-way valve
A. 5
B. 15
C. 12
D. 14
A

D. 14

56
Q 
Pop-off (Adjustable Pressure Limiting) valve
A. 5
B. 15
C. 6
D. 12+14
A

B. 15

57
Q 
Constant secondary pressure is provided by…
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 15
A

A. 5

58
Q 
Flow rate of source gas is set by…
A. 5
B. 7
C. 8
D. 15
A

B. 7

59
Q 
Anesthetic concentration is set by…
A. 5
B. 7
C. 8
D. 10
A

C. 8

60
Q 
Balances volume changes during inspiration and expiration
A. 7
B. 12
C. 14
D. 9
A

D. 9

61
Q 
Absorbs exhaled CO2
A. 10
B. 15
C. 8
D. 13
A

A. 10

62
Q 
Maintains unidirectional flow in inspiratory ribbed tube
A. 6
B. 12
C. 14
D. 15
A

B. 12

63
Q 
Maintains unidirectional flow in expiratory ribbed tube
A. 6
B. 12
C. 14
D. 15
A

C. 14

64
Q 
Prevents excessive pressure in the circuit and lungs
A. 5
B. 6
C. 9
D. 15
A

D. 15

65
Q 
Dead space in the system
A. 4
B. 8
C. 9
D. 13
A

C. 9

Small animal (37 decks)

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