SAM

Question 1

Serverless Application Model (SAM)

Answer 1

An open-source framework for building serverless applications.

Question 2

What does SAM provide?

Answer 2

It provides shorthand syntax to express functions, APIs, databases, and event source mappings.

Question 3

Template configuration options for SAM?

Answer 3

You create a JSON or YAML configuration template to model your applications.

Question 4

How is SAM transformed and expanded upon deployment?

Answer 4

During deployment, SAM transforms and expands the SAM syntax into AWS CloudFormation syntax. Any resource that you can declare in an AWS CloudFormation template you can also declare in an AWS SAM template.

Question 5

SAM CLI

Answer 5

The SAM CLI provides a Lambda-like execution environment that lets you locally build, test, and debug applications defined by SAM templates. You can also use the SAM CLI to deploy your applications to AWS.

Question 6

True/False. You can use AWS SAM to build serverless applications that use any runtime supported by AWS Lambda.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

True/False. You can also use SAM CLI to locally debug Lambda functions written in Node.js, Java, Python, and Go.

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

True/False. The Transform section is not required if you are writing a SAM template along and not via CloudFormation.

Answer 8

False. If you are writing an AWS Serverless Application Model template alone and not via CloudFormation, the Transform section IS required.

Question 9

Globals section.

Answer 9

The Globals section is unique to AWS SAM templates. It defines properties that are common to all your serverless functions and APIs. All the AWS::Serverless::Function, AWS::Serverless::Api, and AWS::Serverless::SimpleTable resources inherit the properties that are defined in the Globals section.

Question 10

Resources section.

Answer 10

The Resources section can contain a combination of AWS CloudFormation resources and AWS SAM resources.

Question 11

Syntax: AWS::Serverless::Api

Answer 11

This resource type describes an API Gateway resource. It’s useful for advanced use cases where you want full control and flexibility when you configure your APIs.

Question 12

Syntax: AWS::Serverless::Application

Answer 12

This resource type embeds a serverless application from the AWS Serverless Application Repository or from an Amazon S3 bucket as a nested application. Nested applications are deployed as nested stacks, which can contain multiple other resources.

Question 13

Syntax: AWS::Serverless::Function

Answer 13

This resource type describes configuration information for creating a Lambda function. You can describe any event source that you want to attach to the Lambda function—such as Amazon S3, Amazon DynamoDB Streams, and Amazon Kinesis Data Streams.

Question 14

Syntax: AWS::Serverless::LayerVersion

Answer 14

This resource type creates a Lambda layer version that contains library or runtime code needed by a Lambda function. When a serverless layer version is transformed, AWS SAM also transforms the logical ID of the resource so that old layer versions are not automatically deleted by AWS CloudFormation when the resource is updated.

Question 15

Syntax: AWS::Serverless::SimpleTable

Answer 15

This resource type provides simple syntax for describing how to create DynamoDB tables.

Question 16

What SAM commands generates pre-configured AWS templates?

Answer 16

The sam init command generates pre-configured AWS SAM templates.

Question 17

What SAM command supports local invocation and testing of Lambda and serverless applications by executing your function code locally in a Lambda-like execution environment?

Answer 17

The sam local command supports local invocation and testing of your Lambda functions and SAM-based serverless applications by executing your function code locally in a Lambda-like execution environment.

Question 18

What SAM commands package and deploy your code?

Answer 18

The sam package and sam deploy commands let you bundle your application code and dependencies into a “deployment package” and then deploy your serverless application to the AWS Cloud.

Question 19

What command enables you to fetch, tail, and filter logs for Lambda functions?

Answer 19

The sam logs command enables you to fetch, tail, and filter logs for Lambda functions.

Question 20

What does the output of a SAM publish command include?

Answer 20

The output of the sam publish command includes a link to the AWS Serverless Application Repository directly to your application.

Question 21

How do you validate your SAM template?

Answer 21

Use sam validate to validate your SAM template.

Question 22

How can you control access to APIs?

Answer 22

You can use AWS SAM to control who can access your API Gateway APIs by enabling authorization within your AWS SAM template.

Question 23

Lambda Authorizer

Answer 23

(formerly known as a custom authorizer) is a Lambda function that you provide to control access to your API. When your API is called, this Lambda function is invoked with a request context or an authorization token that is provided by the client application. The Lambda function returns a policy document that specifies the operations that the caller is authorized to perform, if any.

Question 24

Types of Lambda Authorizers

Answer 24

-Token based type receives the caller’s identity in a bearer token, such as a JSON Web Token (JWT) or an OAuth token.
-Request parameter based type receives the caller’s identity in a combination of headers, query string parameters, stageVariables, and $context variables.

Question 25

Amazon Cognito User Pools?

Answer 25

User directories in Amazon Cognito. A client of your API must first sign a user in to the user pool and obtain an identity or access token for the user. Then your API is called with one of the returned tokens. The API call succeeds only if the required token is valid.

Question 26

Transform section of a CloudFormation template?

Answer 26

The optional Transform section of a CloudFormation template specifies one or more macros that AWS CloudFormation uses to process your template.

Question 27

Aside from your macros, what does CloudFormation support for a macros hosted on AWS CloudFormation?

Answer 27

Aside from macros you create, AWS CloudFormation also supports the AWS::Serverless transform which is a macro hosted on AWS CloudFormation.

Question 28

What does AWS::Serverless transform specify?

Answer 28

The AWS::Serverless transform specifies the version of the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) to use. This model defines the AWS SAM syntax that you can use and how AWS CloudFormation processes it.