Salts+Salt making

Question 1

How to carry out a titration?

Answer 1

1-Fill up a burette with acid. A burette is used to place the acid of unknown concentration.
2- Use a pipette to add alkali to a conical flask
3- Add an indicator to the alkali. An indicator is added to the alkali in the conical flask, which causes a colour change to occur.
4-Slowly add the acid into the alkali. The acid from the burette is allowed to run into the alkali, swirling constantly to ensure the reactants mix well.
5-Slow the adding of acid when the indicator changes colour. When the colour from the indicator changes, the flow of the acid is slowed so that it is added drop by drop.
6- Stop adding acid when there is a permanent colour change. When the colour of the indicator produces a permanent colour change. The flow of acid is stopped.
7- Record the titre. The volume of acid delivered, known as the titre, is recorded.
8- Repeat the titration. The titration is repeated until concordant (within 0.1 cm³) titres are obtained.

Question 2

Are sodium,potassium+ammonium soluble/insoluble?

Answer 2

soluble

Question 3

Are nitrates soluble/insoluble?

Answer 3

soluble

Question 4

Are common chlorides soluble/insoluble?

Answer 4

soluble(except-silver,chloride+lead sulfate

Question 5

Are sulfates soluble/insoluble?

Answer 5

soluble (except-lead,barium,calcium)

Question 6

Are common carbonates soluble/insoluble?

Answer 6

insoluble(except-sodium,potassium+calcium ones)

Question 7

Are common hydroxides soluble/insoluble?

Answer 7

insoluble(except-sodium,potassium+calcium ones)

Question 8

How to make insoluble salts-precipitate reactions?

Answer 8

-Dissolve soluble salts in water and mix together using a stirring rod in a beaker
-Filter to remove precipitate from mixture
-Wash the residue with distilled water to remove traces of other solutions
-Leave in an oven to dry

Question 9

How do you make soluble salts with an acid+an insoluble base?

Answer 9

1-Pick the acid and base. For this reaction, we need to be careful when choosing our acids and bases. Our choice depends on the product that we want to form. Remember, the base must be insoluble.
2-Warm the acid in a water bath to speed up the reaction. Once the acid is warm, we can start adding our insoluble base.
3 -Add the base in excess. We need to add the base to the warm acid until it is in excess. This is the point where no more reactions will occur: the insoluble base no longer dissolves in the acid.
4-Filter the excess solid. To remove the excess base that has not reacted, we need to use a funnel with some filter paper. The solution that we filter will contain the soluble salt.
5-Crystallise the solution. So that we get a pure sample of solid salt at the end of the reaction, we need to crystallise the solution. We can do this by heating up the solution gently, using a water bath, then leaving the solution to cool. This allows salt crystals to form, which can be filtered out and dried.

Question 10

How do you make soluble salts using Acid/alkali reactions?

Answer 10

-You do a titration