Salts

Question 1

What is a salt? Made up of?

Answer 1

An ionic compound formed by reacting acids with metals, carbonates, bases or alkalis

1. Cation
Metallic ions
Comes from the base
1. Anion
Non-metallic ions 
Comes from the acid

Question 2

What is water of crystallisation and how to remove it?

Answer 2

The water molecules that combine with salts to form crystals

Heat hydrated salts

Question 3

Soluble

Answer 3

All nitrates
All SPA
All chlorides except lead(ii) chloride, PbCl2 and silver chloride, AgCl
All sulfates except barium sulfate, BaSO4, calcium sulfate, CaSO4 and lead(ii) sulfate, PbSO4
SPA carbonates except all carbonates

Question 4

Questions for preparing salts

Answer 4

1. Is the salt soluble?

2. Is the reactant soluble?

Question 5

Methods for preparation of salts

Answer 5

1. Reacting an acid with metals, insoluble carbonate or insoluble base
2. Titration
3. Precipitation

Question 6

Reacting an acid with a metal, insoluble base of insoluble carbonate (req, reactions, suitability and non-suitability)

Answer 6

REQ
1. Salt must be soluble 
2. Reactant must be insoluble
REACTIONS
acid + metal —> salt + hydrogen 
acid + carbonate —> salt + water + carbon dioxide 
acid + insoluble base —> salt + water
SUITABLE
Moderate reactive metals
NOT SUITABLE
Some metals are too reactive 
Some metals are unreactive

Question 7

Titration

Answer 7

Salt must be soluble

Reactant must be soluble

Question 8

Precipitation

Answer 8

To get insoluble salt

Soluble + soluble —> insoluble + soluble