Kinetic Particle Theory

Question 1

What is matter? What is it made up of?

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space

1. Atoms
2. Molecules
3. Ions

Question 2

What is the kinetic particle theory?

Answer 2

The Kinetic Particle Theory states that all matter is made up of tiny particles and these particles are in constant random motion

Question 3

Properties of solids

Answer 3

1. Particles are very closely packed in an orderly manner
2. The attractive forces between particles is very strong
3. Particles vibrate about fixed positions
   SHORT FORM
4. Cannot be compressed
5. Definite shape
6. Definite volume

Question 4

Properties of liquids

Answer 4

1. Particles are packed in a disorderly, random manner
2. The attractive forces between particles is strong
3. Particles slide over each other freely throughout the liquid
   SHORT FORM
4. Cannot be compressed
5. No definite shape and follows the shape of containers
6. Definite volume

Question 5

Properties of gas

Answer 5

1. Particles are spaced out in a random manner
2. The attractive forces between particles is very weak
3. Particles move rapidly in any direction
   SHORT FORM
4. Can be compressed
5. No definite shape
6. No definite volume

Question 6

Solid to liquid? Definition of conversion?

Answer 6

Melting
Melting: The process by which a solid changes to a liquid
Melting Point: The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

Question 7

Liquid to solid? Definition of conversion

Answer 7

Freezing
Freezing: The process by which a liquid changes to a solid
Freezing Point: The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid

Question 8

Liquid to gas? Definition of conversion

Answer 8

Boiling/Evaporation
Boiling: The process by which a liquid changes to a gas at the boiling temperature of the substance
Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid boils
Evaporation: The process by which a liquid changes to a gas below the boiling point of the substance

Question 9

Gas to liquid? Definition of conversion

Answer 9

Condensation

Condensation: The process by which a gas changes to a liquid

Question 10

Gas to solid?

Answer 10

Deposition

Question 11

Solid to gas? Definition of conversion

Answer 11

Sublimation

Sublimation: The process by which a solid changes to a gas without melting

Question 12

What are volatile liquids?

Answer 12

Liquids that evaporate quickly at room temperature

Question 13

What is the difference between boiling evaporation?

Answer 13

BOILING
Occurs only at boiling point 
Occurs throughout the liquid 
Occurs rapidly
EVAPORATION 
Occurs at temperatures below boiling point 
Occurs only at the surface of the liquid 
Occurs slowly

Question 14

What are examples of sublime substances

Answer 14

1. Carbon dioxide (dry ice)
2. Naphthalene (mothballs)
3. Iodine
4. Ammonium chloride

Question 15

Heating curve

Answer 15

Shows how the temperature of a solid changes as it is heated to it’s melting point and beyond

Question 16

Cooling curve

Answer 16

Shows how the temperature of a pure liquid changes as it is cooled to it’s freezing point and beyond