Salt Analysis- anions

Question 1

test for carbonate

Answer 1

Experiment:
a little of the salt is treated with dilute HCL

Observation:
brisk effervescence with evolution of colorless gas

Question 2

test for acetate

Answer 2

Experiment:
a little of the salt is rubbed with dilute H2SO4

Observation:
vinegar like smell due to the formation of acetic acid

Question 3

test for oxalate

Answer 3

Experiment:
salt solution is treated with acetic acid and boiled to expel CO2, add CaCl2 in slight excess

Observation:
white ppt

Question 4

confirmatory for carbonate

Answer 4

Experiment:
gas evolved in the above experiment is passed through lime water

Observation:
lime water turns milky

Question 5

confirmatory for acetate

Answer 5

Experiment:
a little of the salt solution is treated with neutral ferric chloride solution

Observation:
red coloration

Question 6

confirmatory for oxalate

Answer 6

Experiment:
to a little of the salt taken in a test tube, add dil H2SO4, warm it to 60-70C and add 2-3 drops of potassium permanganate solution

Observation:
pink color of potassium permanganate decolorized with the evolution of CO2

Question 7

test for chloride

Answer 7

Experiment:
a little of the salt is treated with conc H2SO4 in a dry test tube

Observation:
pungent smelling gas which gives dense white fumes with a glass rod dipped in ammonium hydroxide, is evolved

Question 8

confirmatory for chloride

Answer 8

Experiment:
SILVER NITRATE TEST
a little of the salt solution is treated with dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution

Observation:
a curdy white ppt soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide solution is formed

Question 9

test for nitrate

Answer 9

Experiment:
a little of the salt is heated with conc H2SO4 and a paper ball is added to it

Observation:
reddish brown gas is evolved

Question 10

confirmatory test for nitrate

Answer 10

Experiment:
BROWN RING TEST
a little of the salt solution is treated with an equal amount of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution. few drops of conc H2SO4 is added along the sides of the test tube without shaking

Observation:
brown ring is formed at the junction of the two liquids

Question 11

test for sulphate

Answer 11

Experiment:
a little of the salt is treated with dilute hcl and bacl2 solution

Observation:
white ppt insoluble in dilute HCl is formed

Question 12

confirmatory for sulphate

Answer 12

Experiment:
a little of the salt is treated with lead acetate and acetic acid solution

Observation:
white ppt is formed

Question 13

test for phosphate

Answer 13

Experiment:
add conc HNO3 to the salt solution and boil, add ammonium molybdate solution in excess and boil again

Observation:
a deep yellow ppt