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Classification Of Elements And Periodicity In Properties Flashcards

1
Q

How did Lavosier classify elements?

A

Arranged elements into metals and non metals

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2
Q

How did dobereiner classify elements?

A

Based on atomic mass
(Dobereiner’s triad)

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3
Q

What is Dobereiner’s triad?

A

The atomic mass of the central atom is the arithmetic mean of the other two

  • Li, Na, K
  • Ca, Sr, Ba
  • Cl, Br, I
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4
Q

How did Newland classify elements?

A

Newland’s law of octaves
- Increasing order of atomic mass
- property of 1st element resembles that of 8th element
- classification only upto Ca

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5
Q

How did Lothar Meyer classify elements?

A

Plotted graph of atomic vol against atomic mass

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6
Q

Top of lotharmeyer graph

A

Alkali metals

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7
Q

Bottom of lotharmeyer graph

A

Transition Elements

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8
Q

Descending part of lotharmeyer graph

A

Alkaline earth metals

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9
Q

Ascending part of lotharmeyer graph

A

Halogens

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10
Q

How did mendeleev classify elements?

A

Increasing order of atomic mass

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11
Q

Eka boron

A

Scandium (Sc)

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12
Q

Eka Aluminium

A

Galium (Ga)

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13
Q

Eka Manganese

A

Technitium (Tc)

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14
Q

Eka Silicon

A

Germanium (Ge)

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15
Q

Anomalous pair in mendeleev’s periodic table

A
  • Ar and K (argon and potassium)
  • Te and I (tellurium and iodine)
  • Co and Ni (cobalt and nickel)

They don’t follow increasing order of atomic mass

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16
Q

Modern periodic law

A

Physical and chemical properties of elements are the periodic functions of their atomic number

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17
Q

Moseley’s graph

A

Square root of frequency v/s atomic number

(It was proportional)

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18
Q

Group 1 contains

A

Alkali metals

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19
Q

Group 2 contains

A

Alkaline earth metals

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20
Q

1st period

A
  • general config: 1s¹-²
  • H, He
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21
Q

2nd Period

A
  • general config: 2s¹-²
  • Li to Ne
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22
Q

3rd period

A

Na to Ar

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23
Q

4th period

A
  • general config: 4s¹-² 3d¹-¹⁰ 4p¹-⁶
  • K to Kr
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24
Q

5th period

A
  • general config: 5s¹-² 4d¹-¹⁰ 5p¹-⁶
  • Rb to Xe
25
6th period
- general config: 6s¹-² 4f¹-¹⁴ 5d¹-¹⁰ 6p¹-⁶ - Cs to Rn
26
Group 18
Noble gases He² Ne¹⁰ Ar¹⁸ Kr³⁶ Xe⁵⁴ Rn⁸⁶ Og¹¹⁸
27
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 0
nil
28
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 1
un
29
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 2
bi
30
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 3
tri
31
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 4
quad
32
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 5
pent
33
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 6
hex
34
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 7
sept
35
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 8
oct
36
Nomenclature of elements after 100: 9
en
37
How many groups are there?
18
38
How many periods are there?
7
39
Atomic number of lanthanoids
58-71
40
Atomic number of actinoids
90-103
41
Group of lanthanoids and actinoids
3rd group
42
1st transition series
- period 4 - 3d series - Sc to Zn
43
2nd transition series
- period 5 - 4d series - Y to Cd
44
3rd transition series
- period 6 - 5d series - La, Hf to Hg
45
4th transition series
- period 7 - 6d series
46
Lanthanoids
- 4f series - Ce to Lu
47
Actinoids
- 5f series - Th to Lw
48
How to predict the period of an element?
- find the nearest noble gas after that element - it will have the same period as that
49
Group 1 and 2
S block
50
Group 13-18
P block
51
Group 3-12
D block
52
No: of electrons in each period
2 8 8 18 18 32 32
53
Increasing order of diff types of radii
Covalent < metallic< van der waal
54
Along the period atomic size...
Decreases from left to right *Addition of electrons to the same principle shell results in increase in Zeff*
55
Which elements have the highest radii in their respective periods?
Nobles gases
56
Along a group atomic size...
Increases *Due to increase in number of shells downward*
57
Order of atomic radii in group 13 element is _______
B < Ga < Al < In < Tl
58
What are isoelectronic species?
Ions of different elements having same no: of electrons but diff nuclear charge
59
What is ionisation enthalpy?
The min amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated or gaseous neutral atom

Chem (13 decks)

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