Salivation and Gastric Function U6 L02

Question 1

Hormones are peptides released from endocrine cells of the GI tract into the ____

Answer 1

portal circulation

Question 2

target cells of gastrin?

Answer 2

parietal cells in stomach

Question 3

somatostatin is mostly inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 3

inhibitiory

Question 4

____ act locally in same tissue that secretes them.

Answer 4

paracrine

Question 5

somatostatin is defined as a

Answer 5

paracrine peptide

Question 6

histamine is defined as a

Answer 6

non-peptide paracrine

Question 7

Paracrine control in the GI system is mainly exerted by 3 factors:

Answer 7

1. serotonin
2. somatostatin
3. histamine

Question 8

serotonin is produced by ____ in the intestine in response to _____

Answer 8

by enterochromaffic cells (EC) in intestine in response to distension

Question 9

somatostatin is produced by

Answer 9

D cells

Question 10

what is unique about somatostatin

Answer 10

can act in an endocrine and paracrine manner

Question 11

where is hsitamine release?

Answer 11

by enterochromaffic-like cells in the sotmach

Question 12

histamine stimulates ____

Answer 12

HCL secretion by H2 receptors

Question 13

Neurocrines are synthesized in neurons in the GI tract and released following an

Answer 13

action potential

Question 14

exampl;es of neurocrine in the gi system (5)

Answer 14

acetylcholine, norepinephrine, VIP, gastrin releasing peptide, substance P

Question 15

what secretes gastrin?

Answer 15

g cells in the stomach (antral mucosa cells)

Question 16

what is gastrin release in response to?

Answer 16

food distension vagus

Question 17

function of gastrin (2)

Answer 17

1. increase acid secretion by parietal cells
2. stimulates growth of gastric mucosa

Question 18

what secretes CCK?

Answer 18

mucosa of intestine (I-cells in duodenum and jejunum)

Question 19

function of CCK?

Answer 19

acts to increase gall bladder contraction, and increase pancreatic enzyme & bicarbonate secretion (

Question 20

Motilin is secreted by

Answer 20

m cells of the duodenum and jejunum (mucosa of the small intestine)

Question 21

what does motilin promote?

Answer 21

contractions in the distal stomach and intestine to clear the tract of indigestible materials