salivary secretion

Question 1

acini- at rest describe the k+ and na+ ions

Answer 1

inside=k high
outside=na high

Question 2

acini- when activated what happens 1st?

Answer 2

increased permeability to K+- k+ flows into secretion/lumen and into extracellular matrix

Question 3

acini- what happens 2nd?

Answer 3

increased k+ in extracellular matrix- activates basal na, k and cl co-transporter - all 3 flow into cell

Question 4

acini-what happens 3rd?

Answer 4

there is increase in na/k exchange- results in no na increase
and k and cl flow into lumen/secretion

Question 5

acini-what happens when na and cl flow into secretion/lumen? and what happens to overcome this and what is the result?

Answer 5

causes a shift in charge- so na flows between cells leading to osmotic imbalance

Question 6

acini -what happens when there is an osmotic imbalance within the secretion?

Answer 6

h20 flows between cells = isotonic solution

Question 7

acini-where does the secretion go to next and then after?

Answer 7

the intercalated duct to the striated duct unchanged

Question 8

SD- what is impermeable to SD cells at rest?

Answer 8

h2o

Question 9

SD- is the concentration of cl- higher inside or outside the cell at rest?

Answer 9

outside

Question 10

what is the isotonic solution from acini changed to in the SD?

Answer 10

hypotonic

Question 11

SD-when activated, what happens first?

Answer 11

na and k pump increases activity- potential decrease in na and increase in k

Question 12

SD- what happens 2nd?

Answer 12

due to reduction in na and increase in k within cell there is compensatory movements of na from secretion into cell and k from cell into secretion

Question 13

SD- what happens as the na moves from the secretion into the cell?

Answer 13

cl moves from the secretion to the cell too

Question 14

SD-what kind of transport is the compensatory transporter?

Answer 14

passive

Question 15

SD-what is the 3rd thing to happen?

Answer 15

there is an active transport of hco3 into secretion and cl into cell

Question 16

are acini affected by flow rate?

Answer 16

no, but the na k pump will work harder

Question 17

how does low flow rate affect SD?

Answer 17

-lots of time for na resorption- low levels of na in saliva

Question 18

how does high flow rate affect SD?

Answer 18

little time for na resorption- high levels in secretion

Question 19

how does low flow rate affect secretion in sd?

Answer 19

less k

Question 20

how does high flow rate affects secretion in SD?

Answer 20

higher k, cl and hco3

Question 21

where are the organic proteins made?

Answer 21

in the acini

Question 22

how are the organic proteins made in the acini?

Answer 22

proteins made from ribosomes of RER using mitochondria for atp- then exocytosed

Question 23

what does the parasympathetic nerves release?

Answer 23

REST AND DIGEST
serous saliva
high volume
vasodilation

Question 24

what does the sympathetic nerves release?

Answer 24

FIGHT OR FLIGHT
thick sticky saliva
low volume
vasoconstriction

Question 25

are parasympathetic secretions released with sympathetic secretions

Answer 25

no- hence why you experience dry mouth

Question 26

what has longer pre ganglionic?

Answer 26

parasympathetic

Question 27

what are the neurotransmitters of pre ganglionic para and sympathetic nerves?

Answer 27

acetylcholine

Question 28

what are the neurotransmitters of post ganglionic para and sympathetic nerves?

Answer 28

acetylcholine for both

+ nor adrenaline for sympathetic -ach (sweat glands)

Question 29

when does Freys syndrome normally occur?

Answer 29

after parotid gland surgery

Question 30

what is the damaged nerve in Freys syndrome?

Answer 30

auricolotemporal nerve

Question 31

what does the auriclotemporal nerve supply to para and sympathetic nerves?

Answer 31

saliva and sweat

Question 32

what is the problem with Freys syndrome

Answer 32

regeneration of nerves causes them to switch meaning parasympathetic activates sweat glands instead of saliva especially when eating