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306/313 > Saliva/ oral anatomy > Flashcards

Saliva/ oral anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the technical term for the mouth?

A

Oral cavity

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2
Q

What are the 2 parts which the mouth is split into?

A

The inner vestibule- inside the teeth where the tongue sits

Buccal sulcus- between the outside of the teeth and the cheeks

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3
Q

What is the oral cavity lined with?

A

Moist tissue called the oral mucosa

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4
Q

What is the two different names of the gingivae within the mouth?

A

The attached gingivae

The gingival crevice

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5
Q

Where is the gingival crevice?

A

The gym around each tooth

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6
Q

Where is the attached gingivae?

A

Gum fastener to the alveolar bone

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7
Q

What is the hard palate covered in?

A

Ridged tissue called the rugae which helps when sucking and talking

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8
Q

What does the soft palate do?

A

Prevents food from entering the nose during swallowing which has a small projection of tissue in the centre called the uvula

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9
Q

Where is the retro-molar triangle?

A

On the bone behind the lower third molar

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10
Q

What tissue covers the retro molar triangle?

A

The molar pad

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11
Q

What bit of tissue can become inflammed during eruption causing peritonitis?

A

The molar pad

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12
Q

What are tonsils?

A

Large lymph glands

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13
Q

When infection is present in the tonsils what do they fill up with?

A

White blood cells called lymphocytes

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14
Q

What do white blood cells try to do?

A

Stop infection from spreading

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15
Q

What is the name of the strands of tissue which attach to the underlying bone?

A

Fraenums e.g. under the lip

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16
Q

What is the name for the gap in between the central incisors?

A

The mid line diastema

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17
Q

What is the name of a small taste bud?

A

Filliform papillae

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18
Q

What is the name of a medium taste bud?

A

Fungiform papillae

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19
Q

What is the name of large taste buds?

A

Circumvallate papillae

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20
Q

Which bit of tissue can cause a tongue to to be tied?

A

The lingual fraenum

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21
Q

Which part of the tongue can be given drugs for easy absorption?

A

The underneath (sublingually)

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22
Q

What is the name of the flap of tissue which protects the top of the larynx (airway) from good going down the wrong way?

A

The epiglottis

23
Q

What is the name for the swelling of the tongue?

A

Glossitis

24
Q

What are signs of oral cancer which can be spotted during an exam?

A

White patches, lump, persistent ulcers

25
Q

What is the names of the three main salivary glands?

A

Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular

26
Q

What duct does the parotid gland secrete from?

A

The stensons duct

27
Q

What percentage of saliva does the parotid gland secrete?

A

25%

28
Q

Where is the parotid gland?

A

In front of the ear, around the outer army’s if the mandible

29
Q

Where is the sublingual gland found?

A

Under the floor of the mouth behind the lower incisors

In the sublingual fossa on the inner body of the mandible

30
Q

What type of saliva does the parotid duct secrete?

A

Thin ‘serous’ saliva

31
Q

Where is the stensons duct?

A

Opposite the upper molar teeth

32
Q

What type of saliva does the sublingual gland secrete?

A

Thick ‘mucus’ saliva through 10-20 sublingual ducts under the tongue

33
Q

Where is the submandibular gland found?

A

Inside the angle of the mandible in the submandibular fossa

34
Q

What type of saliva does the submandibular gland produce?

A

A medium ‘muco-serous’ saliva

35
Q

What duct does the submandibular gland secrete from?

A

The Wharton’s duct

36
Q

Where is the Wharton’s duct?

A

Behind the lower incisors

37
Q

What is saliva made up from?

A 
99% water plus 
Proteins
enzymes
waste products
Inorganic ion- minerals e.g. calcium
Gases- co2, oxygen and phosphate 
Extras- bacteria, food, white blood cells
38
Q

What is the name for reduced saliva flow?

A

Xerostomia

39
Q

Why may a patient have reduced saliva flow?

A
  • radiotherapy
  • immune deficiency
  • blocked salivary glands
  • drugs, like statins
  • fear and emotions
  • alcohol
  • dehydration
  • pre end drugs, like atropine
40
Q

How may saliva flow be increased?

A
  • Thought, site or smell of food
  • stimulation of the glands
  • nausea
  • sour foods
  • food poisoning
  • yawning
41
Q

What are the functions of saliva?

A
  • digestion
  • cleansing
  • buffet
  • remineralisation
  • moistening
  • lubrication
  • sticking
  • excretion
  • fluid balance
42
Q

what are the problems with saliva?

A
  • indigestion
  • bacterial overgrowth
  • increased caries
  • discomfort
  • speech difficulty
  • difficultly swallowing
  • build up of waste
  • thirst
43
Q

Why just saliva be controlled during dental treatments?

A
  • allow visibility
  • protect patient airways
  • prevent aerosol and spatter
  • prevent contamination
  • ensure patient is comfortable
44
Q

During dental treatment how can you control saliva?

A
  • suction
  • rubber dam
  • absorptions e.g. cotton roll
  • rinsing brakes
  • air syringe
45
Q

What is the most common type of oral cancer?

A

Invasive squamous carcinoma which is painless

46
Q

What test can be used to used to test for oral cancer?

A

Ora test

Using orascreen tolonium Chloride blue dye

47
Q

What are the two main types of Tumors?

A

Benign- localised found in one area and doesn’t spread elsewhere

Malignant- this tumor consists of cancer cells which have the ability to spread beyond the original sight

48
Q

What is oral candidosis caused by?

A

Candida albicans

49
Q

What does oral thrush look like?

A

A white film and sore patches occurs on the tongue and roof of the mouth

50
Q

How do you treat oral thrush?

A

Antifungal gel, lozenges etc

51
Q

What is the name for oral candidosis under a denture?

A

Denture stomatitis

52
Q

What is the name for oral candidosis around the corners of the lips?

A

Angular Chelitis

53
Q

Where does herpes simplex lay?

A

In the trigeminal nerve

54
Q

How do you treat herpes simplex?

A

By using aciclovir or zovirax

306/313 (5 decks)

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