Safety Flashcards
Safety concerns for newborns/ infants
- communication is through crying and nonverbal behavior
- nb/infnats should sleep on their backs
- dangerous objects: cords, tablecloths, plastic bags, bottles, cans
- In the hospital: bulb syringe and suction device
- security tags to prevent abduction
Car Seat Info infants
Infant-only seat rear facing or convertible seat used rear facing
CAr seat toddler
keep child rear facing as long as possible
-once child outgrows manufactueres weight/ ht limit turn seat front facing
Car seat (ages 4-7)
Forward-facing car seat with harness and tether until the child reaches the top height or wt limit from the manufacturer. switch to booster seat in back seat
car seat 8-12 yo
Children who have outgrown booster may wear a seatbelt continue to tide in backseat
Safety concerns for toddlers
- normal to play with toys
- mobility assoc with bumps and bruises
- no sharp toy or breakable parts
- nonskid mats in bathtubs
- safety zones
- stranger danger
School age children safety
Buddy system prevents people from being alone
- appropriate equip for activity is a bike helmet
- peer pressure such as drugs, sex, violence
- internet safety
Adult safety
- injuries
- automobile accidents
- phsyiologic changes
- med related injuries
- falling
What are elements present in a safe home?
- alarms and monitors
- non-skid surfaces
- heat and electricty
- what about medications and food (discard expired meds and food)
Consequence of Falls
-pain, disability, financial, death,
-enviornmentlal hazards, med conditions, medications
substance abuse
Health promotion to reduce falls
Remove throw rugs, remove clutter from any walkway or stairway
- ensure adequate lighting anywhere you walk
- use handrails
- avoid ladders and step stools
- do not leave an area damp
Toxins
- keep out of reach for children
- any opening can let a toxin in
- air freshner, ink, toiletbowl cleaner, disinfectant, deoderant
Neuro assessment related to safety
- judgement
- sensory: diabetics are more prone to injury
- Vision and hearing: prevent body from recognizing danger
- Orientation:: if they are confuse huge risk
- Mental Status: can they recognize safety and danger concerns
Other Assessment
- Activity Limits: older adult how far can they ambulate. This can interfere with ADLs.
- Skin assessent: do this during bath look for bruises, scratches, cuts indicate fall
Physical restraint
- manual method of physical device or equipment that restricts movement
- vest, four side rails up, mitt, ankle restrants
Chemical Restraint
medication used to contain behavior or restrict a pt’s movemnt that is not standard treatment for the person’s med or psych condition
-sedation meds
Nonviolent restraint
use of a restraint when a patient’s behavior interferes with treatment
- phys or chem restraints to prevent a pt from pulling out tubes or line that could harm or impact negatively the patient
Violent restraint
use of restraint when pt is demonstating aggresive or violent behavior that presents as a danger
- four point restraint used to prevent life threatening injury
Seclusion
Involuntary confinement of an individual in a room alone from which the person cannot leave
- Pt wants to leave the hospital w/o provider’s order and is prevented from doing so
Principles of restraints
- must be an order for restraints to be applied and orders must be updated in a timely fashion
- Nurses must be trained and certified
- Specific documentation for restraints
- must address behavior leading to restraintm alternatives to restraint, release from restraint, patinet needs being met
- NC: ensure restraints do not cause injury
- Facilitate ADLs and comfort
Nursing student can or cannot use restraints?
Nursing students cannot!!!
Fire Safety Class A
Paper, wood, cloth
-Extinguish with water or multipurpose dry chemical
FS Class B
Flammable liquids
- Carbon dioxide or dry chemical multipupose chemical
FS class C
electrical fires
- CO2, dry multipurpose dry chemical, liquified gas
FS class D
Combustible metals
- special dey power
RACE
Rescue ( get patient) , Alarm, Confine, Evacuate
PASS
Pull the nozle, aim the nozzle, squeeze the handle, sweep back and forth
Radiation 3 cardinal rules
- minimize time of exposure
- maximize distance from source
- use appropriate shielding
- use lead apron when caring for a pt with radiation exposure
- use gloves fluids or urine
- have them perform self-care as much as possible
