Patient Education and Health Promotion

Question 1

Levels of disease prevention?

Answer 1

Primary prevention, secondary prevention, tertiary prevention

Question 2

Primary Prevention of Disease

Answer 2

• occurs at the prepathologic state; to stop anything from happening
• examples are fluoride supplements, oral contraceptives, education in elementary school about drug addiction

Question 3

secondary prevention of disease

Answer 3

• seeks to identify specific illnesses or conditions at an early stage with prompt intervention to prevent or limit disability and to prevent catastrophic effects that could occur if proper attention and treatment is not provided.
• Physical assessments, developmental screening, vision screening, breast/testicle self exam, pregnancy testing.

Question 4

Tertiary prevention of disease

Answer 4

• occurs after a disease or disability has occurred and the recovery process has begun; intent to halt disease or injury and assisting pt to optimal health.
• Rehab for handicapped children, support groups for recovery and AA, cardiac rehab, health education for a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes.

Question 5

What is Health Promotion?

Answer 5

Reduce excess mortality, address leading risk factors and underlying determinants of health.

Question 6

Activities for health promotion seek to …..

Answer 6

increase quality of life

Question 7

Disease prevention activities are…

Answer 7

preventative and focused on a specific illness

Question 8

Health promotion activities seek to protect community at large and include..

Answer 8

Air and water quality regulations

Question 9

What is the healthy people initiative?

Answer 9

• Healthy people 2030 goals
• Attain healthy thriving lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and early death.
• Eliminate health disparities, achieve health equity, and health literacy and improve health for all
• create social, physical, and economic environments that promote and attain full potential for health and well-being for all.
• promote healthy development, healthy behaviors, and well-being across all life stages
• engage in leadership, key constituents, and the public across multiple sectors to take action and design policies that improve health and well being.

Question 10

Important Teaching Opportunity: Clinic

Answer 10

Immunization record, routine screening, weight reduction and diet, medications

Question 11

Important Teaching Opportunity: Hosp admission

Answer 11

Unit policies, how to work call light and bed, specific treatments that have been ordered and why

Question 12

Beginning of each shift education

Answer 12

Review plan of care; explain any new treatments, tests, or meds

Question 13

New medication education

Answer 13

Action of drug, possible side effects, frequency, and any special considerations

Question 14

Diagnostic procedure

Answer 14

Necessary precautions, what will be experieneced during the procedure, any restrictions or special considerations after the procedure

Question 15

Surgery

Answer 15

preoperative prep, post operative protocols (deep breathing, leg exercises) pain control, how to get out of bed and turn easily

Question 16

Discharge

Answer 16

Limitations on activity or diet, procedures such as wound care, when to call the provider.

Question 17

Qualities of a Teach- Learning relationship

Answer 17

• Patient focused, holism, negotiation, interactive

- interview patient negotiate treatment

Question 18

Sometimes a pt may not follow a treatment plan….

Answer 18

• do not term them non-compliant
• What is their motivation
• factors that could impact this: lack of social support, anxiety, fear, shame, financial
• Motivational interviewing: seeks to help pt what factors they have and how to address them
• includes partnership, acceptance, compassion, and evocation

Question 19

Literacy level

Answer 19

• Provide educational materials appropriate for a patient’s educational level
• Does a literate person automatically have health literacy? NO

Question 20

Behaviors that indicate low literacy level:

Answer 20

Incomplete forms, frequently missed appointments, lack of follow-through with instructions, unable to name or explain medications

Question 21

Methods of providing education

Answer 21

• Demonstration: physically demo and have them return demo
• Discussion and verbal teaching: allow expression of teaching
• Lectures: has activities to assess learning
• Written information: what do check before giving written information
• Role-playing: decreases anxiety and works through feelings
• What is your preferred learning style? blind patient

Question 22

Key pts for teaching

Answer 22

• focus on patinet’s perspective
• avoid med term
• actively involve pt with teaching
• use positive words and phrases
• keep it simple (short sessions, one point at a time, ask pt to restate what they learn)

Question 23

How does internet impact patient education?

Answer 23

• Overall it can be helpful
  -concerns: educational materials are not fact-checked,
  online material may be wrong educational level
  -sites not updated and info is not current

Question 24

Telehealth

Answer 24

• Access healthcare through phone or video
• available 24/7
• beneficial for people that live far from a healthcare facility

Question 25

You are preparing an education session with a patient. What is the best time?

Answer 25

• you want to do it not before a procedure, not before meal time, and when family is present!

Question 26

Written teaching plan

Answer 26

• organizes thoughts and ideas. understand importance

Question 27

Domains of learning?

Answer 27

-Cognitive (thinking): start with simple concepts and then progress ex lecture
-Affective: refers to emotions or feelings of something
create a warm soothing enviornment. Intended to creat an open and honest conversation. EX: role play and simulation
-Psychomotor: demonstration by patient. Repeated process

Question 28

Life span considerations

Answer 28

Newborns/ infants: education is focused on the parent or caregiver

Toddler and preschooler: still teach parents, use play as a learning tool, trust is important

School/ adolescent: Written material is introduced, school-age children like stickers and rewards. Autonomy is important for adolescents.

Adult/older adult: informal friendly environment and older adult may have decreased motivation.

Question 29

Teaching an older learner

Answer 29

• largest population for seeking healthcare
• use a brightly-lit, glare-free room
• eliminate extraneous noise
• face the learner
• limit session to 20-30 mins
• observe a nonverbal language that shows confusion
• supply one idea at a time
• For meds: ensure they understand what each med does, when to take it, and what to do if the missed a dose

Question 30

Nurse is recommending tertiary preventative measures to a client. Which measure would be appropriate to recommend?

• immunizations
• developmental screening
• support groups
• physical assessment

Answer 30

-support groups

Question 31

The nurse is working with a client and plans to use an affective teaching approach. Which method would emphasize the affective domain?

• independent study
• role-playing
• skill demo
• lecture

Answer 31

role-playing