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308 Clinical pharmacology > Safe drug use > Flashcards

Safe drug use Flashcards

1
Q

What is a medication error?

A

Failure in treatment process that leads to or has potential to lead to harm to the patient

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2
Q

Give examples of cytochrome P450 inducers

A

Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
Rifampicin
Chronic alcohol

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3
Q

Give examples of cytochrome P450 inhibitors

A 
Amiodarone
Ciprofloxacin
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Metronidazole
Fluconazole
Isoniazid
Acute alcohol
Grapefruit juice
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4
Q

What reactions occur in phase 1 of drug metabolism?

A

Reduction

Hydrolysis

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5
Q

What reactions occur in phase 2 of drug metabolism?

A

Glucuronidation
Acetylation
Sulfation
Methylation

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6
Q

What is an adverse drug reaction?

A

Undesirable drug experience that has happened to the patient while taking a drug that is suspected to be caused by the drug(s)

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7
Q

Give examples of ADRs with alendronic acid

A

Oesophagitis

Ulceration

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8
Q

Give examples of ADRs with aspirin

A

Dyspepsia
Ulceration
Haemorrhage

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9
Q

Give examples of ADRs with bisoprolol

A

Bradycardia

Hypotension

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10
Q

Give an example of an ADRs with bumetanide

A

Electrolyte disturbances

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11
Q

Give an example of an ADRs with clarithromycin

A

QT interval prolongation

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12
Q

Give an example of an ADRs with co-amoxiclav

A

Allergic reaction

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13
Q

Give examples of ADRs with gentamicin

A

Tinnitus

Nephrotoxicity

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14
Q

Give examples of ADRs with morphine

A

Respiratory depression

Vomiting

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15
Q

Give examples of ADRs with salbutamol

A

Hypokalaemia

Palpitations

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16
Q

Give examples of ADRs with warfarin

A

Haemorrhage

Alopecia

17
Q

Give examples of penicillin-containing antibiotics

A 
Amoxicillin
Co-amoxiclav
Piperacillin and tazobactam 
Ceftriaxone
Meropenem
Flucloxacillin
Temocillin
18
Q

Give examples of penally-excreted drugs

A

Penicillins
Aminoglycosides
Glycopeptides
Morphine sulphate

308 Clinical pharmacology (10 decks)

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