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Health And Human Development > Sac 6 - Sustainable Development Goals > Flashcards

Sac 6 - Sustainable Development Goals Flashcards

1
Q

The work of WHO/functions (Pretty People Secretly Consume MD)

A
  • Provide leadership
  • Provide technological support
  • Set norms and standards
  • Conduct research
  • Monitor health and wellbeing
  • Develop policies
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2
Q

SDG Objectives - They implemented the objectives out of (FEAr) of what would happen without them

A
  • Fight inequities and injustice
  • End extreme poverty
  • Address climate change
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3
Q

SDG Rationale (PUN)

A
  • Progress from MDG’s must be made as they were unsuccessful
  • Uneven progress
  • New challenges emerged
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4
Q

WHO priorities (HUH)

A
  • Healthier populations
  • Universal healthcare coverage
  • Health emergency services
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5
Q

Key features of SDG 3 (Chris Brown Needs More Imprisonment time)

A
  • Communicable diseases (end epidemics)
  • Non-communicable diseases (reduce) and promote mental health and wellbeing
  • Maternal mortality (reduce)
  • Infant mortality and U5MR (reduce)
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6
Q

7 SDGs (New Zealand Herpes Quickly Got to Countless Citizens)

A
  • No poverty (1)
  • Zero hunger (2)
  • Health and wellbeing (3)
  • Quality education (4)
  • Gender equality (5)
  • Clean water and sanitation (6)
  • Climate action (13)
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7
Q

Organisation responsible for developing the SDGs

A

United Nations Development Program

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8
Q

Timeframe for the Sustainable Development Goals

A

Next 15 years, by 2030

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9
Q

What did the SDGs used to be called?

A

Millennium development goals

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10
Q

5 areas of critical importance addressed by the SDGs (5 P’s)

A
  • People
  • Planet
  • Partnership
  • Peace
  • Prosperity
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11
Q

SDG 3 - what increases the risk of maternal, infant and U5 mortality

A
  • Lack of access to family planning
  • Poverty
  • Lack of access to nutritious food and clean water
  • Lack of access to healthcare
  • Lack of education (health literacy)
  • Gender equality (child marriage, sexual violence)
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12
Q

SDG 3 role in promoting health and wellbeing - PHYSICAL

A

With reduced risk of waterborne and communicable diseases, there is an absence of disease and illness which improves immune systems and allows the body to function effectively.

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13
Q

SDG 3 role in promoting health and wellbeing - EMOTIONAL

A

When individuals are able to overcome illness and disease due to medical interventions and health promotion which is seen in goal 3, they are more likely to be able to manage and recover from unfortunate situations in the future with a sense of resilience and optimism.

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14
Q

SDG 3 role in promoting health and wellbeing - MENTAL

A

Achieving universal health coverage will reduce the financial stressors of worrying about paying for essential health services.

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15
Q

SDG 3 role in promoting health and wellbeing - SOCIAL

A

With reduced rates of infant and child mortality and disease, children are in better health to be able to attend school and develop social networks and participate in their communities.

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16
Q

SDG 3 role in promoting health and wellbeing - SPIRITUAL

A

With reduced rates of illness such as malaria, people are able to participate more freely in everyday activities such as work and school and therefore have an increased sense of belonging. Greater levels of health allow individuals and communities to be more productive and prosperous and overall experience a greater purpose in life.

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17
Q

SDG 1 - NO POVERTY

A

End poverty in all forms everywhere

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18
Q

SDG 2 - ZERO HUNGER

A

End hunger, achieve food security, and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

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19
Q

SDG 3 - GOOD HEALTH AND WELLBEING

A

Ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages

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20
Q

SDG 4 - QUALITY EDUCATION

A

Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

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21
Q

SDG 5 - GENDER EQUALITY

A

Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

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22
Q

SDG 6 - CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

A

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

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23
Q

SDG 13 - CLIMATE ACTION

A

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

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24
Q

(WHO) goal

A

Build a better, healthier future for all people over the world

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25
Q

(WHO) mission

A

Promote health; keep the world safe; and serve the vulnerable

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26
Q

Work of the WHO - contributing to SDG 3

A
  • Developing strategies that countries can implement to address the focus areas of the health-related goals including reducing maternal, newborn and child mortality and promote health and wellbeing from contraception to old age
  • Working with countries to ensure that health policies and programs are developed that can assist in achieving the focus areas of the goals
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27
Q

Work of the WHO - healthier populations (non-communicable diseases)

A
  • Developing the Global Action Plan for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases
  • Creating a range of policies that countries can adopt to reduce the impact of non-communicable diseases
  • Gather data and evaluate responses to the impact of non-communicable diseases
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28
Q

Work of the WHO - universal health coverage

A
  • Providing funding to improve health systems (eg- employ and pay health workers)
  • Helping to improve countries health systems by providing training for healthcare workers
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29
Q

What is AID?

A

Assistance given to countries or communities in the event of a crisis or for the development of long-term sustainable improvements

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30
Q

What is global health?

A

Health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the perspective and concerns of individual countries. It is about an international collaborative approach to achieving equity for all.

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31
Q

3 types of AID

A

Emergency/humanitarian, Bilateral, multilateral

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32
Q

What is emergency/humanitarian aid?

A

The rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering during and after emergencies such as wars and natural disasters such as floods, tsunamis or earthquakes

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33
Q

Emergency/humanitarian aid purpose

A
  • Meet immediate need
  • Save lives, reduce suffering
  • Reduce further impacts by meeting the needs of those affected
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34
Q

What is bilateral aid?

A

The provision of aid from the government of one country to government of another country

35
Q

Bilateral aid purpose

A
  • Meets the needs of the country and its people
  • Builds relationships between countries
  • Promotes health and wellbeing, sustainable economic growth and prosperity
36
Q

What is multilateral aid?

A

Provided through an international organisation, such as the World Bank, United nations or WHO. Multilateral aid combines donations from a number of countries and then distributes them to the recipients.

37
Q

Multilateral aid purpose

A
  • Large-scale programs focused on global health and wellbeing, and sustainable development
  • Can reach and impact the lives of many people
  • Provided to those most in need
38
Q

Emergency/humanitarian aid characteristics

A
  • Rapid assistance
  • Short-term provision
  • Provision of basic supplies: food, water, shelter, medicine
39
Q

Bilateral aid characteristics

A
  • Long-term assistance
  • Focused on development
  • Provision of essential infrastructures such as roads, electricity, improving water supplies
  • Focus on education, such as building schools and training teachers
40
Q

Multilateral aid characteristics

A
  • Provided by an international organisation such as UN or World Bank
  • Funded by donations from a number of countries
  • Medical programs such as large-scale vaccination to reduce the burden of diseases such as polio
41
Q

Australian Aid partnerships

A
  • Whole of government
  • Private sector partnerships
  • Bilateral partnerships
  • Multilateral organisations
  • Non government organisations
42
Q

How the Australian Government provides aid

A
  1. Provides funds to international organisations such as the United Nations (multilateral)
  2. Forms bilateral partnerships with other high income countries as well as middle income countries (bilateral)
  3. Funds non-government organisations (NGO AID)
  4. Provides humanitarian assistance in times of need (emergency)
  5. Expert aid: australian companies and individual experts to address australian aid priorities
43
Q

Priorities of Australia’s Aid Initiatives (ABIGEE)

A
  • Agriculture, fisheries and water
  • Building resilience; humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection
  • Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness
  • Gender equality and empowering women and girls
  • Education and health
  • Effective governance; policies, institutions and functioning economies
44
Q

Improving infrastructure in developing countries will

A
  • promotes economic development
  • improved trade opportunities
  • reduces poverty
45
Q

Improving education and health will

A
  • increasing opportunities for girls to learn
  • supporting inclusion of children with a disability in education
  • constructing and improving education infrastructure in disadvantaged regions
46
Q

Improving gender equality and improving women and girls will

A
  • enhancing womens voice in decision making, leadership and peacebuilding
  • promoting womens economic empowerment
  • ending violence against women and girls
47
Q

Improving effective governance will

A
  • strengthening transparent and accountable law and justice systems
  • supporting efforts to address corruption
  • preventing conflict and inclusive peacebuilding
  • works with countries in region to develop tax policies
48
Q

Building resilience will

A
  • send staff to affected areas to provide immediate support
  • establish warehouses that are stocked with emergency supplies so when needed they can be transported quickly and efficiently
  • provide food, clothing, shelter, water, sanitation and medical care in response to crisis like conflict or natural disasters
49
Q

Improving agriculture, fisheries and water will

A
  • strengthen markets
  • innovating for productivity and sustainable resource use
  • promoting effective policy, governance and reform
50
Q

What is WaterAid?

A

An international not-for-profit, determined to make clean water, decent toilets and good hygiene normal for everyone, everywhere within a generation.

51
Q

WaterAid’s vision

A

A world where everyone, everywhere has safe water, sanitation and hygiene.

52
Q

WaterAid’s mission

A

To transform the lives of the poorest and most marginalised people by improving access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene.

53
Q

What is Social action?

A

Social action is about doing something to help create change. It is about doing what you can as an individual to take action and make a difference.

54
Q

WaterAid and its partnerships

A
  • local non-government organisations (NGOs)
  • local and national government departments
  • private utility companies
55
Q

Why do people participate in social action?

A
  • to help those less fortunate
  • to ensure needs of all are represented
  • to eliminate discrimination
  • to prevent harm or damage to the community
56
Q

Ways to take social action

A
  • volunteer time
  • donate money
  • conduct fundraising
  • sign online petitions
  • social enterprising and purchasing power
57
Q

SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing) targets

A
  • reduce maternal mortality
  • end all preventable deaths U5yr of age
  • fight communicable diseases
  • reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health
  • achieve universal health coverage
58
Q

SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A

When children are healthy and not suffering from communicable diseases they are able to attend school. This can provide opportunities for interaction with people outside of the family home and allow them to develop relationships with children their own age.

59
Q

SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing) how meeting goal improves human development

A

• By reducing child mortality and the health and wellbeing of children, life expectancy will increase, and children will be able to attend school and take part in activities which will assist in increasing their knowledge and meet their full potential therefore improving human development.

60
Q

SDG 1 (No poverty) relating to SDG 3

A
  • Children who are born into poor households, particularly in rural areas, are at a greater risk of dying before their fifth birthday-increasing child mortality.
  • Living in poverty can decrease access to food (SDG 2) which can increase the risk of malnutrition and therefore child mortality.
61
Q

SDG 1 (No poverty) targets

A
  • eradicate extreme poverty
  • reduce poverty by at least 50%
  • implement social protection systems
62
Q

SDG 1 (No poverty) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A
  • Poverty can decrease access to a healthy food supply which can impact negatively on Physical health and wellbeing as it can increase the risk of malnutrition
  • Poverty can mean less access to education, as young children may be forced into work, this can lead to poor social health and wellbeing as it might reduce opportunities for children socialise and to have healthy relationships
63
Q

SDG 1 (No poverty) how meeting goal improves human development

A
  • Poverty can reduce access to education due to children being required to work to financially contribute to families. This can impact on human development as it can reduce access to knowledge for children which can reduce their choices in the future about the types of jobs that they can do.
  • Living in poverty can decrease an individual’s access to food, healthcare and shelter which can impact on human development as it may reduce their ability to meet their needs and may prevent them from access a decent living standard.
64
Q

SDG 2 (Zero hunger) relating to SDG 3

A

Through reduced hunger, maternal and child health and wellbeing will be improved with access to nutritious food, immune systems will be stronger, leading to a reduced risk of contracting and dying from communicable diseases such as malaria and hepatitis, and vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles and tuberculosis.

65
Q

SDG 2 (Zero hunger) targets

A
  • universal access to safe and nutritious food
  • end all forms of malnutrition
  • double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers
  • sustainable food production and resilient agricultural practices
66
Q

SDG 2 (Zero hunger) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A
  • Hunger and malnutrition is the biggest contributor to child mortality this can have a negative impact on physical health and wellbeing and may contribute to stunting.
  • Hunger can impact on physical health and wellbeing as it can deprive an individual of the nutrients that they need to build a strong immune system which can contribute to infant and child mortality as the children become too weak to fight off disease. Malnutrition in infants can be prevented by mothers exclusively breastfeeding their babies for the first six months.
67
Q

SDG 2 (Zero hunger) how meeting goal improves human development

A

When people have access to nutritious foods, they have more energy and a stronger immune system resulting to less time spent in illness. This means that they are more able to actively participate in their community, work to earn a living and create a decent standard of living, increase their productivity and reach their full potential.

68
Q

SDG 4 (Quality education) relating to SDG 3

A
  • Educating women and girls also results in falling fertility rates and stable population growth. Educated mothers have fewer and healthier children, which reduced child and maternal mortality (SDG 3)
  • Educated women are more likely to immunise their children than uneducated mothers, and their children have a higher survival rate.
  • Educated girls also marry later, are less likely to experience sexual violence, and are more likely to be able to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS and other diseases.
69
Q

SDG 4 (Quality education) targets

A
  • free primary and secondary education
  • equal access to quality pre- primary education
  • eliminate all discrimination in education
  • universal literacy and numeracy
70
Q

SDG 4 (Quality education) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A
  • Education empowers people it can help provide feelings of accomplishment and security about their future (Emotional health and wellbeing)
  • Education often leads to better employment outcomes in the future. Better jobs can increase the money available for families to purchase food and shelter which can reduce the risk of malnutrition and communicable diseases (Physical health and wellbeing)
71
Q

SDG 5 (Gender equality) relating to SDG 3

A
  • Action taken to end violence against females promotes physical & mental health & wellbeing
  • Achieving gender equality means girls can access education and women can gain employment. Educating women and girls is the single most effective measure to raise overall economic productivity which can increase incomes and provide money for health care which can assist in reducing communicable diseases. Education for girls also provides them with options in their life and tends to delay marriage. This can in turn delay childbirth which leads to lower infant and maternal mortality.
72
Q

SDG 5 (Gender equality) targets

A
  • end discrimination against women and girls
  • end all violence against and exploitation of women and girls
  • eliminate forced marriages and genital mutilation
73
Q

SDG 5 (Gender equality) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A
  • Action taken to end violence against females reduces injuries (physical health & wellbeing).
  • When women and girls are treated equally and have equal access to food and health care, it reduces malnutrition and deaths from communicable diseases
  • When women have more rights and are educated, it reduces the number of teen girls having babies. This assists in reducing maternal and infant mortality rates, complications with pregnancy and labour and therefore promoting physical health and wellbeing.
74
Q

SDG 5 (Gender equality) how meeting goal improves human development

A

When women are free from violence and discrimination, and have access to an education they experience improvements in human development as they are better able to meet their potential and lead full and productive lives.

75
Q

SDG 6 (Clean water and sanitation) relating to SDG 3

A
  • Achieving SDG 6 is important for achieving SDG 3 because access to adequate, clean and safe water is critical for health
  • Access to clean and adequate water is essential for health; reduced access can result in dehydration and increase the risk of mortality.
  • Adequate water supply is needed to grow crops and keep cattle, without enough water people can experience malnutrition.
76
Q

SDG 6 (Clean water and sanitation) targets

A
  • safe and affordable drinking water
  • end open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene
  • protect and restore water-related ecosystems
  • improve water quality, wastewater treatment and safe reuse
77
Q

SDG 6 (Clean water and sanitation) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A
  • Without safe water, people cannot bathe, or clean their clothes or homes properly this can increase the spread of communicable diseases. Diarrhoea is the most widely known disease linked to contaminated water and poor sanitation leading to poor physical health and wellbeing.
  • Not having water and sanitation can lead to people feeling sad about the fact that they don’t have their most basic needs being met (poor emotional health and wellbeing)
78
Q

SDG 6 (Clean water and sanitation) how meeting goal improves human development

A
  • Water scarcity can lead to children (usually girls) often having to walk many hours a day to collect water this can lead to them missing many hours of school which reduces their opportunity to gain knowledge and limits their ability to meet their potential.
  • Consuming unsafe water can lead to people suffering from a range of water borne diseases, this can lead to illness and often long periods of time away from school which can limit a child’s ability to meet their potential.
79
Q

SDG 13 (Climate action) relating to SDG 3

A
  • Actions to address climate change will also protect and promote health and wellbeing and achieve SDG 3. It will bring about a planet that is not only more environmentally sustainable, but also has cleaner air, safer water, more food, more effective and fairer health and social protection systems and healthier people
  • Climate change has resulted in people being displaced from their homes due to rising sea levels and the impacts of natural disasters this can reduce access to shelter, clean water and sanitation and increase communicable diseases, leading to poor health and wellbeing (SDG 3)
80
Q

SDG 13 (Climate action) target

A
  • strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters
  • build knowledge and capacity to meet climate change
81
Q

SDG 13 (Climate action) how meeting goal improves health and wellbeing

A
  • The combined effects of higher temperatures, increasing rainfall volatility and weather extremes have dire impacts on crops. Climate change can result in complete crop failure increasing malnourishment (poor physical health and wellbeing)
  • Natural disasters can lead to injuries, mental health issues, the spread of disease, food, and water insecurity, and limited access to healthcare and other basic services impacting on physical health and wellbeing
82
Q

SDG 13 (Climate action) how meeting goal improves human development

A
  • Climate change increases the risk of vector born disease, contributing to children requiring more time off school which can limit their opportunities to meet their full potential
  • Climate change has cause long periods of drought in many countries, meaning that children (usually girls) often having to walk many hours a day to collect water this can lead to them missing many hours of school which reduces their opportunity to gain knowledge and limits their ability to meet their potential.
83
Q

When a question involves human development what do you need to relate it to?

A
  • lead productive and creative lives
  • lead long and healthy lives
  • participate in decisions that affect their lives
  • can enhance their capabilities
  • participate in their community
  • have access to knowledge
  • have access to resources for a decent standard of living
84
Q

4 principles of effective aid programs

A
  • ownership
  • partnership
  • focus on results
  • transparency and accountability

Health And Human Development (6 decks)

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