SAC 2 Flashcards
Social Cognition; Attitudes and Stereotypes
attitude
a positive or negative evaluation of an attitude object which is a person, object, group, issue or event
tricomponent model of attitudes
affective- feel
behaviour- actions
cognitive- thinking
prejudice
an unfavourable attitude towards a group of people, based on insufficient or incorrect information
different types of prejudice
cognitive: categorisation of people and beliefs about the people that are put into these categories, especially stereotyping
affective: feelings that are either friendly or hostile towards a group of people
Discrimination
action
the action that expresses the attitude of prejuidice & is often directed at an individual
stereotypes
a generalised & simplified belief about a group of people
they contribute to prejudice and are difficult to change
Preventing and reducing prejudice
- cognitive interventions
- education
- direct experience
- intergroup contact
- superordinate goals
P&R prejudice EDUCATION
through school programs where children are taught about tolerance, consequences and what discrimination means.
P&R prejudice INTERGROUP CONTACT
where 2 groups with prejudice against each other are forced into contact, possibly over a team bonding task of some sort.
P&R prejudice COGNITIVE INTERVENTIONS
the providing of information to individuals to influence and change their thoughts on stereotypes & reduce irrelevant information & eliminate false interpretations
P&R prejudice SUPERORDINATE GOALS
working towards a common goal that facilitates knowledge & understanding between groups & working together to achieve the goals
P&R prejudice DIRECT EXPERIENCE
directly experiencing another culture or lifestyle to help reduce prejudice.
effects of prejudice and discrimination
victims of prejudice may suffer a range of effects that include physical, psychological & social disadvantage, low self- esteem, limited ambition & physical + verbal abuse.
Effects - LOW SELF-ESTEEM
crude acts of prejudice on a regular basis can damage self-esteem
Effects -DISADVANTAGE/ FAILURE
being denied access to resources in society that are nessarcy for success (education, health, housing, employment)
Effects -SELF- FULFILLING PROPHECIES
expectations & assumptions about group members will influence interaction with members of that group & eventually change their behaviour so that it is in keeping with the original expectations & assumptions
Effects - VIOLENCE &GENOCIDE
overacts of prejudice that include physical harm (holocaust)
research methods
IV- what the research manipulates as an attempt to influence results
DV- what’s being measured
EV- factors that may impact results but are out of the control
hypothesis- a prediction , suggestion or educated guess about what the possible results of a experiment
operationalise- defining variables into measurable factors age = operationalised as total in months
ethical considerations
- no lasting harm to participants
- confidentially
- voluntary participation
- informed consent
- right to withdraw
- minimal deception
- debriefing
what does POGIE stand for in relation to the affective component of the tricomponent model?
Person Object Group Issue Event
what is an inconsistent attitude?
when one or more of the tri components don’t line up.
eg. you don’t like smoking, and believe that is it bad for you but you still smoke
CEDIS in relation to preventing preduijuce
- cognitive interventions
- education
- direct experience
- intergroup contact
- superordinate goals
