SA:V Ratio & Relevance in Biology Flashcards
Why do exchange surfaces in organisms have many similar adaptations?
To make transport across the surface more efficient.
The relationship between the size/structure of an organism and its SA:V ratio plays a significant role in what?
The types of adaptations an organism will have.
How do you calculate SA:V ratio?
Find surface area and volume of object, divide surface area by volume.
The larger the object the … the SA:V ratio?
Smaller.
Small organisms have a very … surface area in comparison to their volume?
Large.
What does a large SA:V ratio mean?
Big surface for exchange of substances, but a smaller distance from the outside to the middle of the organism.
Can small organisms simply exchange substances across their surface?
Yes.
The larger an organism is, the … its surface area compared to its volume and the … the distance from the middle to the outside?
Smaller, larger.
Which rate do larger organisms typically have higher of?
Metabolic rate
What does a high metabolic rate demand?
Efficient transport of waste out of cells and reactants into the cells.
What adaptation does the villi and micro villi have?
Folds on the villi and microvilli.
What benefit does the adaptation of the villi and microvilli have?
The folds significantly increase the surface area without reducing the volume too much which increases SA:V ratio for more efficient absorption of digested food.
What adaptation does the alveoli and bronchioles have have?
Millions of alveoli in both lungs and the bronchioles branch.
What benefit does the adaptation of the alveoli and bronchioles have?
Increases the surface area for gas exchange.
What adaptation do spiracles and tracheoles have?
Insects have spiracles along their abdomen and all the branching tracheoles and tracheal system.
What benefit does the adaptation of spiracles and tracheoles have?
Increased surface area for gas exchange.
What do fish have to help with gas exchange?
Gill filaments and lamellae.
Why do many larger plants have broad and thin leaves?
To increase surface area for gas exchange.
What adaptation do capillaries have?
They occur in a network which means there is a large number of them.
How does the capillary adaptation help?
Provides a large surface area for gas exchange at cells and tissues.
