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Physics > S4 - Physics Test (4) > Flashcards

S4 - Physics Test (4) Flashcards

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1
Q

How old is our universe?

A

14 billion years old

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2
Q

What did our universe start off as?

A

A hot and dense singularity

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3
Q

What did the ‘Big Bang’ create?

A

matter and anti-matter

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4
Q

What happened when matter and anti-matter collided with each other?

A

They annihilated each other, creating light and leaving some matter left over

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5
Q

What is the universe mostly made up of?

A

Dark energy and dark matter

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5
Q

What is the universe continuously doing?

A

Expanding

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6
Q

What is the order of the planets from the sun?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

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7
Q

What is a moon?

A

A lump of matter which orbits a planet

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8
Q

What is a planet?

A

A spherical ball of rock and or gas which orbits a star

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9
Q

What is a dwarf planet?

A

Orbits a star but is not large enough or roughly spherical to be classed as a planet

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10
Q

What is an asteroid?

A

An orbiting object which is even smaller than a dwarf planet

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11
Q

What is the sun?

A

A star orbited by planets and stationed at the centre of our solar system

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12
Q

What is a star?

A

A hot ball of matter which is undergoing nuclear fusion to emit light

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13
Q

What is a solar system?

A

Consists of a star and objects orbiting that star

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14
Q

What is a galaxy?

A

A large cluster of stars

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15
Q

What is the universe?

A

Many galaxies separated by empty space

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16
Q

What is an exoplanet?

A

A planet outside our solar system

17
Q

What is a light year?

A

The distance light travels in one year

18
Q

How do we calculate a light year?

A

d = v x t
3x10^8 x (365x24x60x60)

19
Q

What is a refracting telescope made up of?

A

2 convex lenses enclosed in a light tube

20
Q

What can the two convex lenses in a refracting telescope be identified as?

A

Objective lens and Eyepiece lens

21
Q

What features does a objective lens have?

A

Long focal length, thin lens

22
Q

What features does an eyepiece lens have?

A

Short focal length, thick lens

23
Q

What does the objective lens do?

A

Collects light and produces an image

24
Q

What does the eyepiece lens do?

A

Magnifies the image produced by the objective lens

25
Q

What uses do satellites have?

A
  • GPS
  • Weather forecasting
  • Communications
  • Scientific discovery
  • Space exploration
26
Q

What is a geostational satellite and why?

A

A special type of satellite, it is always situated above the equator

27
Q

What is the altitude of a geostational satellite, and what is it’s period?

A

36,000km, 24hrs

28
Q

What is the period of a satellite?

A

The time taken to orbit a planet once

29
Q

What is a projectile?

A

An object that follows a curved path

30
Q

What features do projectiles have?

A
  • follow a certian patern
  • constant horizontal velocity
  • constant vertical acceleration
31
Q

How do you calculate horizontal speed?

A

V = d / t
where V and d = horizontal velocity and distance

32
Q

How do you calculate vertical acceleration?

A

a = v - u / t
where v = vertical velocity and a = acceleration due to gravity

33
Q

What is ‘a’ always?

A

9.8 m/s

34
Q

What are he two types of spectra?

A

Continuous and line

35
Q

What is the order of colours in the spectrum from lowest frequency to highest?

A

ROYGBIV

36
Q

What is the order of colours in the spectrum from lowest energy to highest?

A

ROYGBIV

37
Q

What is the order of colours in the spectrum from shortest wavelength to longest?

A

ROYGBIV

38
Q

What is continuous spectra emitting?

A

White light - all wavelengths of visible light

39
Q

What does line spectra emit?

A

Particular wavelengths of light

Physics (9 decks)

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