S4 - Health Behaviour

Question 1

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 1

Conditioning based off emotional and environmental cues.

Leads to the person avoiding or changing association with those cues.

Based on unconscious bias

E.g. related to alcohol or drugs

Question 2

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 2

How a person behaves is dependent on the reward/punishment.

This can cause an issue as unhealthy behaviours can be immediately rewarding.

Question 3

What is social learning theory?

Answer 3

People do things based off what other people do - learn what is “right or wrong” by observing others.

Motivates people to perform behaviours - it is goal directed.

Question 4

What is the cognitive dissonance theory?

Answer 4

Discomfort causes people to change their beliefs.

Question 5

What is the health belief model?

Answer 5

How is heath perceived? - based on benefits, barriers, susceptibility, severity, etc.

Question 6

What is the theory of planned behaviour?

Answer 6

If someone has already made up their mind, will they change it and their behaviour?

Leads to an intention-behaviour gap - this theory predicts intentions and not behaviours.

Question 7

What is the COM-B model?

Answer 7

C - physical and psychological CAPABILITY
O - physical and social OPPORTUNITY
M - reflective and automatic MOTIVATION

B - these above affect BEHAVIOUR

Question 8

What is the nudge theory?

Answer 8

Need small “nudges”/prompts/changes to steer decisions as most of human behaviour is automatic.

E.g. have a decreased effort to make a desired choice and it improves a person’s motivation to go for that choice.