S3 L2 Gametogenesis Flashcards
Gametogeneis
- After colonising the gonad, germ cells… (3)
- What determines the sex of the offspring?
- Oogenesis: what is this? how many gametes? cycle of production? reproductive potential
- Spermatogenesis: what is this? how many gametes? cycle of production? reproductive potential
Meiosis
- Two main functions
- when is this used in the body?
- Produces what: males and females
Genetic variation
- Arises from… (3)
Spermatogenesis
- Leydig cells….
- Label diagram…
Spermatogenesis cont…
- Occurs in…
- What are sertoli cells?
- Where is spermatozoa developing, between…
- 2 distinct structures in seminferious tubules
- What seperates the two structures?
- How does the rete testes link to this?
- Where is sperm store before ejaculation
- Histology of seminferious tubule
Spermatogenesis
- Stages of this - draw diagram
- 2 types of spermatogonium
- What is spermiogenesis?
Spermatogenic cycle and wave
- What are these?
What do the following mean?
- Spermatogenesis?
- Spermiogenesis
- Spermiation
- Jouney of the sperm?
- What happens to the sperm as it passes through these different structures
- How do they reach the epididymis?
- Label the sperm
Delivery of the sperm
- Route of the sperm
- How does it get into the ampulla region of the Follapian tube?
- Semen (what contributions from what?)
- Role of fructose and zinc
Sperm capacitation
- Sperm in ejaculate is not yet fully fertile, how to make it fully fertile?
- Where does this ocur?
- What does this then allow (now the sperm is fully fertile)
The female gamate:
- Graph showing age against number of non growing follicle population
Maturation of oocytes begins before birth:
- What has happen to oocyte until 4 month gestation (up to the stage of the development of a primary oocyte)
primordial germ cells colonise the gonadal cortex ->
differentiate into oogonia ->
oogonia proliferate by mitosis ->
By end of 3rd month: oogonia arranged in clusters surrounded by flat epithelial cells ->
Majority continue to divide by mitosis but some enter meiosis (these arrest in prophase of meiosis I and are called primary oocytes)
Maturation of oocytes begins before birth: (up until time of birth)
- Max number of germ cells reached by _________
- Then what happens after this?
- What happens to the structure of the surviving oocytes…
Maturation of oocytes continues at puberty
- 3 stages (from puberty onwards)
Most oocytes undergo atresia during childhood so ~40,000 remain by puberty
• From puberty onwards ~15-20 oocytes start to mature each month passing through 3 stages:
1. Preantral
2. Antral
3. Preovulatory
Preantral stage
Antral stage
Preovulatory stage
- mention a particular hormone
Ovulation
- what is this?
- hormones involved
- name of mature follicle
The corpus luteum
- What happens to the remaining granulosa?
- How is the corpus luteum formed?
- Role of the corpus luteum?
Oocyte transport
- where does oocyte go?
- how does it move?
Corpus Albicans:
- If no fertilsation occurs, what happens next?
- If fertilisation occurs, what happens next?
Ovarian cycle summary of ovarium, anterior pituitary hormone, ovarian hormone, uterine cycle….
(more detial next week)
Overview of oogenesis and spermatogenesis
Comparison of spermatogenesis and oogenesis
