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H, Y1, Germany: All > (S2) 1924-28 The 'Golden Age' of the Weimar Republic > Flashcards

(S2) 1924-28 The 'Golden Age' of the Weimar Republic Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Grand Coalition?

A
  • moderate pro demon ratio party
  • stabilised currency and hyperinflation
  • Stresemann led for 103 days
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2
Q

Emergency decree in 1923

A
  • passed to make decision making quicker
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3
Q

How Stresemann made money work?

A
  • introduces the rents mark, later became reichmark backed by gold standard
  • kept control money circulating
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4
Q

Strengths/ weakness of how Stresemann made money work

A
  • brought inflation under control

- people still lost savings

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5
Q

Key aim of Stresemann’s foreign policy

A
  • stabilise the economy and settle the reperations bill
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6
Q

Dawes Plan (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • policy of fulfillment
  • reperation bill decrease yearly till 1929
  • start with paying a fraction
  • German loan of 800 mil from USA to invest in infrastructure
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7
Q

Young Plan 1929 (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • German reperations until 1988, but only 1.8 nil

- Britain + France withdraw troops from Rhineland

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8
Q

Strengths / weakness of Young Plan 1929 (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • gradually left Ruhr
  • unemployment around 1 mil
  • Stresemann saw it as an economic armistice, did not believe in it
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9
Q

Stresemann’s Trade Recovery

A
  • tariffs on foreign goods in 1925 to protect industries
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10
Q

Str / weak of Stresemann’s trade recovery

A
  • exports rose 40% from 1925/29
  • better living standards
  • imports always exceeded exports so trade was in the red
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11
Q

Stresemann’s Farming policy

A
  • made it easier to borrow money
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12
Q

Str / weak of Stresemann’s farming policy

A
  • new machinery
  • income per head less than national average
  • in recession from 1927
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13
Q

Stresemann’s Government spending

A
  • increased taxes to pay welfare benefits
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14
Q

Str / weaknesses of Stresemann’s gov spending

A
  • reduced spending
  • people against taxes
  • disputes with workers / owners
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15
Q

Stresemann’s recovery of business

A
  • encourages Cartels where businesses joined to control markets
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16
Q

Str / weak of Stresemann’s recovery of business

A
  • 3000 formed from big industries buying small ones
  • worker disputes with conditions and pay
  • strikes
  • unemployment increase
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17
Q

Treaty of Rapallo (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • with USSR to increase trade and develop weapons
  • stepped away from post war isolation
  • foreign powers angry as they are getting around disarmament
  • Stresemann didn’t fully agree with TOV
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18
Q

Locarno Treaty 1925 (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • Germany agreed to respect boarders

- prevented territory loss and showed appeasement

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19
Q

Treaty of Berlin 1926 (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • stay out of USSR’s wars

- good relations created a buffer zone

20
Q

League of Nations 1926 (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • Germany joined

- past post war isolation

21
Q

Secret rearmament (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • increased troops but serving shorter terms

- support for gov through militarism

22
Q

Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 (Stresemann’s foreign policy)

A
  • internationals agreement to solve disputes peacefully

- prevent further conflict

23
Q

Str of Stresemann’s actions towards the economy

A
  • industrial production rose over 1913 rate
  • pension, health and unemployment schemes
  • hourly wages rose
  • Dawes plan showed understanding of TOV
24
Q

Weak of Stresemann’s actions towards the economy

A
  • unemployment 1.9 mil in 1929
  • agriculture levels still below pre war rate
  • dependant on US loaned
  • mittlestand no benefit from wage issue
  • Young plan sparked nationality opinion from the rifjt
  • farmers had to shut down their businesses
25
Q

Str of Stresemann’s foreign policies

A
  • fulfilment lead to acceptance from other powers
  • Ruhr back to Germany for industry
  • Coopertation with USSR
26
Q

Weak of Stesemann’s foreign policies

A
  • feeling of a puppet state to USA
27
Q

Change in housing + public health

A
  • increased spending
  • improved living conditions
  • increase doctors
  • better health insurance
28
Q

Change in the role of woman

A
  • % outside of home compared to 1914 similar but different
  • increased in teaching, social work ext
  • equal rights under Weimar
  • new ideas on gender equality
29
Q

Problems with how people views woman

A
  • still opposition to equality in government

- wage + sexual discrimination

30
Q

Change for the youth

A
  • Reich Youth Law 1922, all children entitled to a ‘decent’ upbringing
  • rehabilitation after crime began to be controlled
31
Q

Negative changes for the youth

A
  • youth ‘cliques’ middle- class gangs
  • wandervogel, middle-class boys with romanticised look on 2nd reich
  • political youth groups, increased extremism
32
Q

Education

A
  • prided itself for best education systems in Europe
33
Q

Negative points about education

A
  • still divides in class lines
  • only partial success
  • did not remove influence of churches dictating religious views
34
Q

Role that Jews had in society

A
  • 1%

- achieved roles in press, politics, business, teaching and music

35
Q

Negative view of the Jewish population

A
  • antisemitism, not ‘German’
36
Q

Changes for Berlin Nightclubs

A
  • increased sexual freedom for gay, lesbian or transvestities
  • rise of left wing comedy mocking authoritarians
37
Q

How the older generation views nightclubs

A
  • horrored

- no strength due to a decrease in cencorship

38
Q

Changes in arts, music and literature

A
  • expressionism, focus on meaning and emotion

- free, new political thought

39
Q

Changes in architecture

A
  • development in design for better housing has
40
Q

Changes in theatre and music

A
  • became political attacking Weimar

- long term effect as Nazi propaganda rose from this

41
Q

Political instability- May and Nov 1924 elections

A

May

  • 61% republican
  • 6.5% Nazi
  • communist decreased

Nov

  • 67% republican
  • 3% Nazi
42
Q

Political instability- May 1928

A
  • left increased support (KPD)
  • centre party lost support and right lost support
  • key turning point as there was a lot of political turmoil
43
Q

Problems with coalition governments

A
  • frequent changes = instability
  • failed to win majorities
  • no long term planing
  • longest chancellor 2 years 26 days, shortest 86 days
44
Q

Election of Hindenburg 1925- views

A
  • general in WW1, authoritarian past
  • seen as the Ersatzkaiser (substitute Kaiser)
  • right wing
45
Q

How Hindenburg bought stability

A
  • right wing support
  • overall, right wing less hostile to democracy
  • more unity
  • some mittlestand support
46
Q

How Hindenburg bought instability

A
  • only 48% of Germans voted for him
  • represented authoritarianism
  • impatiens with political parties

H, Y1, Germany: All (3 decks)

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