(S1) 1918-24 Early Years of the Weimar Republic Flashcards
1
Q
Ebert-groener pact
A
- influence in Judicary and civil service
- Ebert supplied army for return of protection against extremism and putting down revolutions
2
Q
Problem with the Ebert-Groener Pact
A
- militarism and right wing continued
3
Q
What were the freikorps?
A
- ex army veterans which put down revolutions
4
Q
How was the Weimar Republic structured?
A
- president
- chancellor who is appointed by the president
- reichstrat who gives advice to the chancellor
- reichstag who voted on laws drafted by the chancellor
- individual voters who voted every 4 years for assembly and 7 years for a president
- Supreme Court independent and federal system for 17 lander states
5
Q
Strengths of the Weimar Constitution
A
- wide range of voting
- woman treated equally
- proportional representation allowed small parties seats
- full democracy in local governments
- rights for all individuals
- checks and balances, nobody with too much power
6
Q
Weaknesses of the Weimar Consitution
A
- proportional representation allowed anti Weimar parties and undermined constitution
- many unsustainable coalition governments which couldn’t make decisions
7
Q
Origins of the Treaty of Versaille
A
- nicknames the ‘November Criminals’ who were the scapegoats for the loss
- blame on socialists, democrats and Jews who ‘stabbed’ Germany in the back
8
Q
Terms (Territory) of the Treaty of Versaille in 1919
A
- territory loss in Poland, some was German speaking
- territory loss, Alsace Lorraine which was an economic loss
- Rhineland demilitarised, buffer zone in between France
- Saar under LofN control, economic loss due to coal reserves
- all German colonies to allies
9
Q
Terms (Disarmament) of T of V
A
- no military capabilities
- 100,000 men max
- 6 battleships
- no aircrafts
10
Q
Terms (War guilt + Reperations) T of V
A
- took responsibility for the war
- fixed sum of $6.6 billion
- Wilson said they had to pay for damage in a Belgium and for civilian suffering
11
Q
Political impact of T of V for Germany
A
- undermined popular support for Weimar due to conspiracy theories (‘stab in the back’)
- fuelled the anti-republican right wing
12
Q
German Reaction to the T of V
A
- anger at the split of places which were German speaking
- war guilt was humiliating and unjust
- reparation fee unfair
- damage to nationalism and militarism
- Diktat, no negotiations
13
Q
Spartacist Uprising 1919
A
- power struggle between KPD and SPD
- meet demands of workers was through uprising
- Freikorps put it down
13
Q
Red Rising
A
- extremist group from the left
- based in Barvarian
- not enough support to defeat army
- Ebert-groener pact opposed the left
14
Q
Munich Putsch 1923
A
- NDSAP and Hitler wanted to overthrow gov
- police defeated it
- Hitler imprisoned for 5 years and NDSAP fell
