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Chem HL > S2 > Flashcards

S2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s an organic compound

A

Must have carbon present and usually contains carbon bonded to hydrogen

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2
Q

What’s an inorganic compound

A

Must have carbon present but not bonded to hydrogen

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3
Q

What is the bond angle and electron domain geometry when a compound has 2 ELECTRON DOMAINS

A

180 degrees
EDG - Linear

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4
Q

What is the bond angle and electron domain geometry when a compound has 3 ELECTRON DOMAINS

A

Bond Angle - 120 degrees
EDG - Trigonal Planar

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5
Q

What is the EDG, MG, and bond angle When the number of electron pairs is 3
bonding pairs :3
lone pairs : 0

A

Trigonal Planar
120 degrees.

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6
Q

What is the EDG, MG, and bond angle When the number of electron pairs is 3
bonding pairs : 2
lone pairs : 1

A

bent 118 degrees

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7
Q

What is the EDG, MG, and bond angle When the number of electron pairs is 4
bonding pairs 4
lone pairs : 0

A

tetrahedral
109.5 degrees

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8
Q

What is the EDG, MG, and bond angle When the number of electron pairs is 4
bonding pairs : 3
lone pairs : 1

A

Trigonal pyramidal
107
(each lone pair takes away 2-2.5 degrees)

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9
Q

What is the EDG, MG, and bond angle When the number of electron pairs is 4
bonding pairs : 2
lone pairs : 2

A

Bent
104.5 degreee

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10
Q

electron pairs refer to

A

electron domains

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11
Q

What is the rule with Be

A

can form an incomplete octet was only 2 bonding pairs

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12
Q

What is the rule with B

A

can form incomplete octet with only 3 bonding pairs

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13
Q

What’s a covalent bond

A

The electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of two atoms and a shared pair of electrons

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14
Q

What creates the electrostatic attraction in a covalent bond

A

The opposite charges of the positively charges nuclei and negatively charged electrons cause this electrostatic attraction

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15
Q

What are non-polar bonds

A

they are composed of atoms with similar or the same electronegativity values and similar levels of attraction.
eg O2 and H2

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16
Q

What electronegativity value correlates to a non-polar bond

A

0.1-0.4

17
Q

What electronegativity value correlates to a polar bond

A

0.4-1.7

18
Q

The atom with a greater attraction to the electrons (polar covalent bond) results in what?

A

greater electron density

19
Q

The atom with a greater electronegativity and higher density will have a symbol of

A

delta negative

20
Q

The atom with a smaller electronegativity and lower density will have a symbol of

A

delta positive

21
Q

Is the molecules is asymmetrical then the polar/non-polar bonds will

A

not cancel out

22
Q

If the molecules are symmetrical then the polar /non-polar bonds will

A

cancel out

23
Q

What molecular geometry of diamond

A

Tetrahedral
109 .5

24
Q

Molecular geometry of graphite

A

trigonal planar
120

25
Q

What would the molecular geometry of fullerenes be

A

trigonal planar
120

26
Q

4 types of intermolecular forces

A

• London dispersion
• Dipole-induced dipole
• Dipole - Dipole
• Hydrogen bonding

27
Q

What are Intramolecular forces

A

within molecules (long line)
Examples Covalent and Ionic
Stronger than Intermolecular

28
Q

What are Intermolecular Forces

A

Between molecules (dashed lines)
Example Dipole dipole, Hydrogen bonding , London Dispersion
Weaker than Intramolecular

29
Q

London dispersion forces exist between

A

ALL molecules

30
Q

How strong are london dispersion forces

A

they are the weakest intermolecular force

31
Q

If polar bonds are not arranged symmetrically in a molecule then the molecule will have a

A

PERMANENT DIPOLE

32
Q

A dipole dipole force will only exist between

A

two asymmetrical molecules that each have a permanent dipole

33
Q

What is stronger dipole dipole forced or london dispersion forces

A

dipole-dipole

34
Q

Why do the boiling points of halogens increase as their molecular masses increase

A

The intermolecular attraction due to temporarily induced dipoles increases

35
Q

Hydrogen bonding only occurs when

A

molecules have a bond between hydrogen and FLUORINE , OXYGEN OR NITROGEN
the electronegative element must have a lone pair

36
Q

What is an electron domain

A

single bond
double bond
triple bond
lone pair

37
Q

single bonds are the

A

longest

Chem HL (13 decks)

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