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Chem HL > Ionic model > Flashcards

Ionic model Flashcards

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1
Q

What are positive ions called

A

cations

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2
Q

what is a negative ion called

A

anion

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3
Q

Definition of ionic bonding

A

the force of attraction between oppositely charged species

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4
Q

What type of attraction is formed between the oppositely charged ions

A

electrostatic attraction

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5
Q

Why do ionic compounds have high melting points

A

electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions is very strong and a requires a lot of energy to overcome

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6
Q

What is the charge of an ionic compound

A

neutral

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7
Q

roman numerals used to show the charge of ions

A

yes

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8
Q

What are the formulas for these polyatomic ions
Ammonium
Hydroxide
Nitrate
Hydrogencarbonate
Carbonate
Sulfate
Phosphate

A

NH4+
OH-
NO3-
HCO3-
CO32-
SO42-
PO43-

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9
Q

What type of forces in a lattice structure

A

Electrostatic forces of attraction

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10
Q

What process is lattice enthalpy

A

Endothermic (break any bonds)
(positive result)

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11
Q

Properties of ionic compounds (giant ionic lattice structures) (6)

A

• Ionic compounds are strong
• They are brittle as ionic crystals can split apart
• Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points
• Ionic compounds are not volatile
• Ionoc compounds are soluble in water
• Can conduct electricity when molten or in solution

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12
Q

Out of Mg2+O2-
and Na+Cl-
what has the higher melting point

A

MGO because it has a higher charge density due to electrostatic attraction of charges

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13
Q

What is a simple covalent structure melting and boiling point like ?

A

low

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14
Q

What is the melting/boiling point in giant covalent structure

A

high

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15
Q

Do simple covalent and giant covalent conduct electricity?

A

no

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16
Q

Is simple covalent structure soft or hard

A

soft

17
Q

What are the forces like in simple covalent structure

A

weak intermolecular forces and covalent bonds within a molecule

18
Q

example of a single covalent molecule

A

BR2

19
Q

What are the forces like in a giant covalent

A

Electrons in covalent bonds between atoms

20
Q

What is an example of giant covalent structure

A

graphite , silicon oxide

21
Q

What is covalent bonding

A

electrostatic attraction between nuclei of two atoms and the electrons of their outer shells

Chem HL (13 decks)

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