S15C193 - Hydrocarbons and volatile substances

Question 1

Hydrocarbon toxicity: Sx

Answer 1

• Resp: pneumoinitis, edema, coughing, choking, dyspnea, burning of mouth, resp distress, wheeze
• may have fever
• CVS: VT/VF
• CNS: AMS (dpn), slurred speech, ataxia, lethargy, coma
  excitatory: halucinations, tremor, agitation, convulsions (initially)
  chronic: h/a, ataxia, emotional lability, cognitive impairment
• PNS: polyneuropathy (demyelinization), paresthesias
• GI/Hepatic: vomiting, abdo pain, anorexia, elevated tranaminases
• Renal: renal tubular acidosis, hypokalemia, rhabdo
• Heme: hemolysis, AML, MM, aplastic anemia
• Integ: erythema, papules, vesicles, scarlatiniform eruption, exfoliative dermatitis, ‘huffer’s rash’ over face, pruritus`

Question 2

Hydrocarbon toxicity: Tx

Answer 2

• Airway, secure it, PEEP, CPAP
• B
• C - give esmolol or lidocaine for ventricula arrhythmia
• D - soap and cold water if skin contamination
• EF
• give oxygen and beta agonists if bronchospasm
• Ecmo
• fluid for HoTN
• AVOID: steroids, pressors
• PPE