S1 - Vector-Borne Diseases Flashcards
What is a vector-borne disease?
Diseases that are transmitted between hosts by another species
(The vector is typically not infected, but that is not true in cases such as malaria)
What specific ecological challenges do vector-borne diseases produce?
How do we eliminate/control the vector without wide-ranging ecological effects?
How will climate change affect vector and host distributions?
What are some methods to prevent vector-borne disease?
Indoor residual spraying
Bednets / window screens
Genetic modifications
Larvae extermination
Name four vector-borne diseases.
Malaria
Dengue fever
Zika
Chikungunya virus
Etc.
How is the chikungunya virus transmitted?
Where is it found?
What is its incubation period?
What are some associated signs/symptoms?
How is it treated?
Mosquito-borne
Central / Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
1 - 12 days
Rash, fever, polyarthralgia, vomiting, headache
Anti-inflammatories
How is the Dengue fever virus transmitted?
Where is it found?
What are some associated signs/symptoms?
How is it treated?
The Aedes aegypti mosquito
More than 100 countries in both hemispheres
Crushing bone pain (It is often called ‘bone break fever’), fever, lethargy, can be hemorrhagic
How is the Zika virus transmitted?
Where is it found?
What are some associated signs/symptoms?
The Aedes Agypti mosquito
Microindonesia, Brazil, several other locations
Usually, mild symptoms lasting a few days to a week
Causes microcephaly and Guillan-Barre Syndrome among infants of affected mothers
How long can Zika remain present in semen? How long should a woman wait after her symptoms abate to try to have children?
6 months
2 months
