russian rev. study guide vocab test Flashcards
zemstovs
a system of electedd bodies of local government, self governed. usually dekte with local things like hospitals, schools, and construction of roads and maintnemce. This is important because ot is one of the only sources of power it seemed people had.
mir
a commune for peasants. After 1905 rev. stolypin introsued reforms to obreak up mir however after october bolshevik revolution, mirs were tghe basis for local administration.
russification
A forced assimilation to russian culture and classic russian ideas. This is through th elanguage and cultureal significant ideas. This is important as
The russo-japanese war
The tsar hoped to bring more loyalty anf russian patriotisim with the win of a fast easy war in japan as well as the win of new ports. The opposite happened, now the people were more critical of the tsar and the government. They also belived russia had been exposed as a weaker power. This critical thinking instilled negative ideas against the tsar and his ability to govern, leading to the revolutions and a need for change.
1905 revolution
FIrst uprising- father gapon
again showed distruat and less frienship of the tsar. Significant as after october manifestp wasnt executed peasants could look back at 1905 and realize the tsar was never or never wouuld be their friend
october anifest
this was the tsars responce to the 1905 rev. basically said redistribution of land and dumas and new constitution — tht didnt really happen at all
stolypin reforms
the stolypin reforms would allow peasants to own their ovn land and in turn create a more loyalty to the government. Becasues of the 1905 revolution, russia was economically not doing well so peasants had land hunger and wanted to leave the communes and strip farming. The reforms were not as sucessful as wanted as not very many peasants actually got their own land and in the end peasants still participated in a revolution of 1917.
black hundreds
The black hundres was a reactionary far right group made of of mostly bougiouse and landowners wanting to uphold autocracy and the orthodox church. They thought the tsar wasnt doing enough against the revolutionarys in 1905 so they took it apon themselves to do it, terrorizing the peasants.
nhilism
russian nihlism went against the orthodox church, autocracy and the tsar as it explored moral skeptisim and denouncing moral autority .
populism
populism is a political stance emohasizing of peasants and the lower class. In russia the poulists were part of the inteligensia who focused on peasant problems and reforms and belived russia could skip capitalism.
The socialist democratic party
was made up of mostly upper class men who had lived in other places other than russia and had new different ideas, wanting to apply them to russia. They were marxists but belived communism was an international movment and russia was just apart of that. They looked upon peasantry with suspision and thought russia would need to go theough capitalism and revolution before becomein g comunist. In 1903 with the russain marxists coming together to unify russian marxism, the socialist th social democratic party was more menshevik and belived in a long term time line twards comunism.
social revolutionarys
made from populists and saw peasants as where the revolution would come from. known form being radical and violent, carryin gout assasinations.
kadets
emerged afte 1905-inspired by revolutionary events. cadets or constitutional democrats were mostly from zemtovs and focues less of specific peasants problem and more on the need for a new poilicys. universal male sufferange and more liberal-democratic less socialist.- admired britains. middle class. wanted a constituion.
father gapan
father went into country to counter revolutionary propoganda. He sympathizd with the peasants and made a petition for 8 hour day workking day and mininum wage.
february revolution
SPONTANEOUS revolution with women and bread, and metal worers and more women. womens march. mental workers locked out of factorys. MAss arrests of revolutionarys by tsar police and uma dissolved. HOwever, soilders join in. demonstrators look for leaddership while duma is hesitante to side with demonstrators.
