germany

Question 1

What is history according to Karl Marx?

Answer 1

History is class struggle.

Question 2

Problems Marx Identifies are?

Answer 2

1. converted ocupations into wage-laborers
2. turned family values into money relation
3. lost the charm of the workman and individual character.
4. bigger wage gap.

Question 3

What solutions does marx offer to problems?

Answer 3

Communism!!!! abolition of private property and econimoc equality!

Question 4

What does Marx think of nationalism?

Answer 4

Not a fan cause its against communism “working men of all countries unite”

Question 5

What is a commodity?

Answer 5

A thing which through its qualities satisfies human needs of whatever kind.

Question 6

What is the use value of a commodity?

Answer 6

The usefulness of a thing. (quality and quantity, labor)

Question 7

What is exchange value of a commodity?

Answer 7

The relation in which use-values of one thing exchange for use-value of another.

Question 8

How can a thing have use value but not be a commodity?

Answer 8

When a thing is made and used by the same person. (in order to be a commodity it must be produced for others (social use-value))

Question 9

SPD

Answer 9

Democratic Socialist Party, prosecuted but 1890 onward recived most votes. 1869!

Question 10

Center Party (1870)

Answer 10

Catholic party

Question 11

progressive liberal party

Answer 11

split from national liberal party, wanted constitutional reform and was against church.

Question 12

National Liberal Party

Answer 12

favored anti-clerical measures and free trade.

Question 13

Free conservative party

Answer 13

party of big buisness and close to Bismark

Question 14

conservatives

Answer 14

you know

Question 15

How were the power of the reichstag limited?

Answer 15

1. no say in appointment/dismissal of chancellor
2. kaiser (bismark) could dissolve it at anytime with agreement from bundesrat.

Question 16

Kulturkampf

Answer 16

Struggle between prussian state and church.1871

Question 17

papal infalubility

Answer 17

pronouncments on morals and faith could not be challeneged basically pope is always right….

Question 18

What historian said about Bismark and ceter party?

Answer 18

A.J.P. Taylor “strangle the centre in the cradle” (1958)

Question 19

May Laws

Answer 19

1973,
1. state responsible for preist education
2. religous appointment approved by state
3. 1874 preist lost endorsments (land, assets)
4.civil marriage made compulsory
5. priests forbidden from preaching politics

Question 20

why did kulturkampf end?

Answer 20

Pope pius ix died and issues of socialism become more important. 1887

Question 21

when did may laws end?

Answer 21

1879

Question 22

what period was economic growth and why?

Answer 22

directly after german unification and crash of 1873, germany led the way in science and tech.
like, combustian engine, electric train, telephone, four wheel cars.

Question 23

what led to socialism?

Answer 23

1880s, lost of people came to city from country side so large working class.

Question 24

anti- socialism 1880

Answer 24

no right to assembly and publication, went underground and

Question 25

social wllness reform

Answer 25

Bismark tried a new aproach to beating socialism, introduced: 1.time off for sickness 2.accident insurrance 3.old age pension

Question 26

why does marx thing history is pointing twards socialism?

Answer 26

each stage of revolution results in less classes in society---- last stage is classless ie communism.

Question 27

what is marx definition of communism?

Answer 27

no private property economi equaity -hes not willing to be specific and is not an expert on communism just capitalism and its faults

Question 28

Marx famous line about church?

Answer 28

"church is the opiate of the masses"

Question 29

BIsmarks key aims in foreign policy

Answer 29

Ensure france did not form alliances against germany for revenge avoid being drawn into quarrels with austria and russia

Question 30

eastern question

Answer 30

1875-78 religous uprising in ottoman empire, russia wanted to help but ustria saw it as a threat, Bismark offered Berlin as conference.

Question 31

Congress of Berlin

Answer 31

1878 direct result of "eastern question", results: Russia gets nothing and is angry

Question 32

The austrian Alliance

Answer 32

1879 between germany and austria, unequal- germany would figth if austria got into war, vice versa austria would remain nuetral

Question 33

triple alliance

Answer 33

1884 Germany Austria Italy against france.

Question 34

The medditeranean agreements

Answer 34

1887 imporatnt (with BRITAIN) keep russia out of medditeranean

Question 35

Colonial Policy

Answer 35

mid 1880s Werner Richter says colonial drive was intended as a distraction from germanys internal problems resluts: Did not increase popularity at home, More french hostality as politicians who liked germany were reallected, Britain govenment Bismark wnated to weaken fell away.

Question 36

Problems new germany had to address

Answer 36

1871 rise of workiing class catholic party new constitution economic change

Question 37

New economic and buisness after unification

Answer 37

new currancy, german national state worried about power not democracy

Question 38

Reichtag structure after unification

Answer 38

universal male suffrage no control over military budget

Question 39

Military after unification

Answer 39

military values still htere but againt could only voite every 7 years and really had no power

Question 40

Bundesrat structure after unification semi circle

Answer 40

could speak freely and was supposed to be/set up to be liberal Prussia still had lots of people in parlimat and wer still "in charge"

Question 41

Press supression after unification

Answer 41

1874 imprissonment if wrote about sensitive info- massive suppression.

Question 42

"Valued Power over Democracy"

Answer 42

hans Ulrich Whehler ie Bismark did not respect liberal values

Question 43

"was willing to work but didnot agree"

Answer 43

Lothar Gall ie bismark was open to new ideas wasnt all dismissive but... "not forunner of hitler but man of the 19th century."

Question 44

"veild form of monarchy absolution."

Answer 44

Geoffrey Barraclough, Prussian was incharcge cause they had many members in parliment (nothing anti-prussian could pass)