Rural work

Question 1

Positives of rural work under the Tsars

(4)

Answer 1

1. Controlled pace of work
2. Controlled how much they produced
3. Feeding families, paying off debts, and saving for bad years motivated peasants to achieve surplus
4. Enjoyed holy days

Question 2

Negatives of rural work under the Tsars

(4)

Answer 2

• Still had some working restrictions - from nature and the mir
• Worked most days of the week from dawn to dusk
• Often worked under harsh climatic conditions
• Hard physical labour

Question 3

Negatives of rural work under the Communist party

(5)

Answer 3

1. Production and methods dictated by central government policy
2. Collectivisation - cooperative work
3. Targets set by state (seldom achieved)
4. Severe punishments for non-conformity
5. Mixed levels of success in use of tractors

Question 4

Positives of rural work under the Communists

Answer 4

• Investment into new agricultural techniques
• Investment into technology - both to boost productivity

Question 5

Similarities between Communist and Tsarist rural work

Answer 5

• Both had superiors
• Both had harsh, long working conditions and physical labour

Question 6

Benefits of Tsars over Communists?

Communists over Tsars?

Answer 6

Tsars over Communists:

• Less regulated under Tsars
• More motivation under Tsars

Communists over Tsars:

• Reduced some labour burden with technology e.g. tractors